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Thermal-economic multi-objective optimization of shell and tube heat exchanger using particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Abstract

Many studies are performed by researchers about shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) but the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique has never been used in such studies. This paper presents application of thermal-economic multi-objective optimization of STHE using PSO. For optimal design of a STHE, it was first thermally modeled using e-number of transfer units method while Bell–Delaware procedure was applied to estimate its shell side heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. Multi objective PSO (MOPSO) method was applied to obtain the maximum effectiveness (heat recovery) and the minimum total cost as two objective functions. The results of optimal designs were a set of multiple optimum solutions, called ‘Pareto optimal solutions’. In order to show the accuracy of the algorithm, a comparison is made with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and MOPSO which are developed for the same problem.

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Abbreviations

A:

Heat transfer area (m2)

BC:

Baffle cut (m)

Cp :

Specific heat in constant pressure (J/kg K)

C:

Heat capacity rate ratio (Ch/Cmax)

Cin :

Total investment cost ($)

Cop :

Total operating cost ($)

Co :

Annual operating cost ($/year)

Ctotal :

Total cost ($)

CL:

Tube layout constant (–)

CTP:

Tube count calculation constant (–)

di :

Tube side inside diameter (m)

do :

Tube side outside diameter (m)

Ds :

Shell diameter (m)

f:

Friction factor (–)

Gs :

Fluid mass velocity based on the minimum free area

hi :

Tube side heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

ho :

Shell side heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

i:

Annual discount rate (%)

jc :

Correction factor for baffle configuration

js :

Correction factor for bigger baffle spacing at the shell inlet and outlet sections

jr :

Correction factor for the adverse temperature gradient in laminar flows

jb :

Correction factor for bundle and pass partition bypass streams

jl :

Correction factor for baffle leakage effect

Kc :

Entrance pressure loss coefficient (–)

Ke :

Exit pressure loss coefficient (–)

kel :

Price of electrical energy ($/kWh)

k:

Thermal conductivity (W/m k)

L:

Tube length (m)

Lbc :

Baffle spacing (m)

m:

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

np :

Number of tube pass (–)

Nt:

Number of tube (–)

NTU:

Number of transfer units (–)

Pt :

Tube pitch (m)

Q:

Heat transfer rate (kW)

Re:

Reynolds number (–)

T:

Temperature (°C)

U:

Overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

σ:

Ratio of minimum free flow area to frontal area (–)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Susangerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran

    A. Ghanei

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

    E. Assareh & M. Biglari

  3. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

    A. Ghanbarzadeh & A. R. Noghrehabadi

  4. No 42, Velayat Ave, 6468117819, Dezful, Iran

    A. Ghanei

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  1. A. Ghanei
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  2. E. Assareh
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  4. A. Ghanbarzadeh
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  5. A. R. Noghrehabadi
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Correspondence to A. Ghanei.

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Ghanei, A., Assareh, E., Biglari, M. et al. Thermal-economic multi-objective optimization of shell and tube heat exchanger using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Heat Mass Transfer 50, 1375–1384 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-014-1340-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-014-1340-2

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