Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunotherapeutic Potential of Mycobacterium indicus pranii Against Tuberculosis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Molecular Infection Biology, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and New Interventions

Abstract

Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP), a nonpathogenic saprophytic mycobacterium, is potential tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate as it shares a large number of cross-reactive antigens with M.tb and has demonstrated unique ability for immunomodulation. Studies in animal models of TB have demonstrated its significant prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against TB. The immunological aspects of MIP-mediated protection include induction of Th1 and Th17 type of response, activation of macrophage effector functions, and CD4+ T cell activation along with enhanced CD8+ T cell cytotoxic activity, thereby resulting in inhibition of the intracellular growth and multiplication of M.tb. When used as a booster to BCG vaccine, MIP conferred higher protection in animal models of TB. Protective efficacy of killed MIP vaccine has been established in clinical trials. Immunotherapeutic potential of this vaccine is confirmed in a recently conducted multicentric clinical trial in category II TB patients, having advanced disease, and was difficult to treat. Moreover, practical implementation of MIP as TB vaccine has a major advantage as it is a cost-effective vaccination strategy for effective control of TB with no adverse effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

MIP:

Mycobacterium indicus pranii

MW:

Mycobacterium leprae

Mw:

Mycobacteria

MAC:

Mycobacterium avium complex

PLC:

Phospholipase

BCG:

Mycobacterium bovis

RIF:

Rifampicin

INH:

Isoniazid

PYZ:

Pyrazinamide

ETB:

Ethambutol

ATT:

Antitubercular treatment

PTB:

Pulmonary TB

References

  • Ahmad F, Mani J, Kumar P, Haridas S, Upadhyay P, Bhaskar S (2011) Activation of anti-tumor immune response and reduction of regulatory T Cells with Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) therapy in tumor bearing mice. PLoS ONE 6(9):e25424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed N, Saini V, Raghuvanshi S, Khurana JP, Tyagi AK (2007) Molecular analysis of a leprosy immunotherapeutic bacillus provides insights into mycobacterium evolution. PLoS ONE 2(10):e968

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Geetha N, Mani J, Upadhyay P, Katoch VM, Natrajan M, Gupta UD, Bhaskar S (2009) Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of “Mycobacterium w” against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice immunized with live versus heat-killed M.w by the aerosol or parenteral route. Infect Immun 77(1):223–231

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Ahmad FJ, Ahmad F, Gupta UD, Natarajan M, Katoch V, Bhaskar S (2012a) Efficacy of Mycobacterium indicus pranii immunotherapy as an adjunct to chemotherapy for tuberculosis and underlying immune responses in the lung. PLoS ONE 7(7):e39215

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Ahmad FJ, Ahmad F, Gupta UD, Natarajan M, Katoch VM, Bhaskar S (2012b) Protective efficacy of Mycobacterium indicus pranii against tuberculosis and underlying local lung immune responses in guinea pig model. Vaccine 30(43):6198–6209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katoch K, Singh P, Adhikari T, Benara SK, Singh HB, Chauhan DS, Sharma VD, Lavania M, Sachan AS, Katoch VM (2008) Potential of Mw as a prophylactic vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis. Vaccine 26:1228–1234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman SA, Singh Y, Kohli S, Ahmad J, Ehtesham NZ, Tyagi AK, Hasnain SE (2014) Comparative analyses of nonpathogenic, opportunistic and totally pathogenic mycobacteria reveal genomic and biochemical variabilities and highlight the survival attributes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. mBio 5(6):02020–02014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rakshit S, Ponnusamy M, Papanna S, Saha B, Ahmed A, Nandi D (2012) Immunotherapeutic efficacy of Mycobacterium indicuspranii in eliciting anti-tumor T cell responses: critical roles of IFNγ. Int J Cancer 130(4):865–875

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saini V, Raghuvanshi S, Talwar GP, Ahmed N, Khurana JP, Hasnain SE, Tyagi A, Tyagi AK (2009) Polyphasic taxonomic analysis establishes Mycobacterium indicus pranii as a distinct species. PLoS ONE 4(7):e6263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saini V, Raghuvanshi S, Niyaz A, Khurana JP, Hasnain SE, Tyagi A, Tyagi AK (2012) Massive gene acquisitions in Mycobacterium indicus pranii provide a perspective on mycobacterial evolution. Nucleic Acids Res 40:10832–10850

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saqib M, Khatri R, Singh B, Gupta A, Bhaskar S (2016) Mycobacterium indicus pranii as a booster vaccine enhances BCG induced immunity and confers higher protection in animal models of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 101:164e173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma P, Mukherjee R, Talwar GP, Sarathchandra KG, Singh P (2005) Immunoprophylactic effects of the anti-leprosy Mw vaccine in household contacts of leprosy patients: clinical field trials with a follow up of 8–10 years. Lepr Rev 76:127–143

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh IG, Mukherjee R, Talwar GP (1991) Resistance to intravenous inoculation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in mice of different inbred strains following immunization with a leprosy vaccine based on Mycobacterium w. Vaccine 9:10–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh Y, Kohli S, Sowpati DT, Rahman SA, Tyagi AK, Hasnain SE (2014) Gene cooption in mycobacteria and search for virulence attributes: comparative proteomic analyses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium indicus pranii and other mycobacteria. Int J Med Microbiol 304(5–6):742–748

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh B, Saqib M, Gupta A, Kumar P, Bhaskar S (2017) Autophagy induction by Mycobacterium indicus pranii promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis clearance from RAW 264.7 macrophages. PLoS ONE 12(12):e0189606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talwar GP, Zaheer SA, Mukherjee R, Walia R, Suresh NR (1990) Immunotherapeutic effects of a vaccine based on a saprophytic cultivable mycobacterium, Mycobacterium w in multi-bacillary leprosy patients. Vaccine 8:121–129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Talwar GP (1999) An immunotherapeutic vaccine for multi-bacillary leprosy. Int Rev Immunol 18(3):229–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yadava A, Suresh NR, Zaheer S, Talwar GP, Mukherjee R (1991) T-Cell responses to fractionated antigens of Mycobacterium w, a candidate anti-leprosy vaccine, in leprosy patients. Scand J Immunol 34(1):23–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zaheer SA, Mukherjee R, Ramkumar B, Misra RS, Talwar GP (1993) Combined multidrug and Mycobacterium w vaccine therapy in patients with multibacillary leprosy. J Infect Dis 167:401–410

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Product Development Cell-I, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sangeeta Bhaskar & Bindu Singh

Authors
  1. Sangeeta Bhaskar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bindu Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sangeeta Bhaskar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. JH Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain

  2. Inflammation Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Nasreen Z. Ehtesham

  3. JH Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sonam Grover

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Bhaskar, S., Singh, B. (2019). Immunotherapeutic Potential of Mycobacterium indicus pranii Against Tuberculosis. In: Hasnain, S., Ehtesham, N., Grover, S. (eds) Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Molecular Infection Biology, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and New Interventions. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9413-4_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation