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Polymer Microscopy pp 357–378Cite as

Problem solving summary

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Abstract

The preceding chapters have provided a description of microscopy techniques, imaging theory and the specimen preparation methods required to investigate polymer structures. The theme of this chapter is to put all of this together within a useful framework. This framework might be a review to experienced microscopists (who likely have developed their own protocols), but it will provide useful information regarding problem solving ideas. A problem solving protocol will be developed that permits microscopy characterizations to follow an easy and short path to a solution. These characterizations will all be classified as ‘problems’ that require a solution. Problems can range from simple to complex and include, for example, determination of the phase structure in a polymer blend, the cause of failure of a composite or the complete and fundamental characterization of a new membrane, fiber, film, etc. Clearly, such problem solving will require a range of time and effort, but the protocols used to begin the characterization and to know when the problem is solved are similar overall. Generally more than one technique is required to solve problems relating to polymer morphology and thus complementary multidisciplinary techniques are important in conducting problem solving analyses. Interpretation of the images produced is of critical importance in evaluating polymer structures and thus the topic of artifacts will be included in this discussion. Finally, although structural characterizations cannot generally be accomplished without microscopy methods and techniques, there are other complementary analytical techniques that are often quite important in understanding polymer structures. The last section will be devoted to a short description of these techniques, including x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, electron spectroscopy and others.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA

    Linda C. Sawyer

  2. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

    David T. Grubb

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  1. Linda C. Sawyer
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  2. David T. Grubb
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© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Sawyer, L.C., Grubb, D.T. (1996). Problem solving summary. In: Polymer Microscopy. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8595-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8595-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-015-8597-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-8595-8

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