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Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and the Endothelium

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Book cover Multiple Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

Part of the book series: Medical Science Symposia Series ((MSSS,volume 12))

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Abstract

Studies on the pathogenesis and the development of hypertension and chronic vascular disease have for a long time concentrated on the disturbed contractility or an increased proliferation propensity of smooth muscle cells [1,2]. More recent work has extended the pathophysiological considerations to other cell systems of the vessel wall which have been recognized to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic vascular diseases [3,4]. It has become more and more apparent that the endothelium plays a crucial role in the regulation of the vessel wall under physiological and pathological conditions [5]. Endothelial cell functions regulate the homeostasis of the vascular wall. Healthy endothelium is antiadhesive, regulates the permeability of the endothelial cell layer, and secretes vasorelaxant substances such as NO. Risk factors such a hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia damage the endothelial cells and increase cell permeability and adhesiveness. They also decrease NO production and may lead to the expression of vasoconstrictive and proliferative substances such as endothelin. In the following text the effects of the risk factors hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia on certain aspects of endothelial cell function will be discussed.

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Authors
  1. Hermann Haller
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cornell University Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Room F-105, New York, NY, USA

    Antonio M. Gotto Jr.

  2. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

    C. Lenfant

  3. Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Rodolfo Paoletti  & A. L. Catapano  & 

  4. Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Foundation, Houston, TX, USA

    A. S. Jackson

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Haller, H. (1998). Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and the Endothelium. In: Gotto, A.M., Lenfant, C., Paoletti, R., Catapano, A.L., Jackson, A.S. (eds) Multiple Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease. Medical Science Symposia Series, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5022-4_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5022-4_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6108-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5022-4

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