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Molecular Diagnostics of Lymphoid Neoplasms

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Book cover Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Growth and Progression ((CAGP,volume 16))

Abstract

According to 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissue, lymphoid neoplasms are divided into two, mature and immature (precursors), forms including mature B and T/NK cell leukemia/lymphomas and B and T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas (B-ALL/LBL, T-ALL/LBL). Nowadays a variety of molecular methods are introduced for the modern classification of lymphoid neoplasm system. Although morphological characteristics remain the cornerstone of the evaluation of lymphoid neoplasm, ancillary studies e.g. immunophenotyping and PCR study for T- and B-cell gene rearrangements are routinely implicated in daily service. Different from myeloid neoplasms, the application of molecular/genetic diagnosis and subclassification of lymphoid neoplasm are mainly limited in B-ALL. There are few known protooncogenes or cytogenetic abnormalities in the certain T/NK or B lymphoid malignancies. The chapter focuses on common molecular diagnostic approaches and molecules that implicated in therapeutic strategies, predicting prognosis and monitoring minimal residual disease.

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Abbreviations

ABC:

Activated B cell-like type

ALK:

Anaplastic large cell kinase

ALL:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemias

ALTCL:

Anaplastic large T cell lymphoma

ATM:

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene

B-ALL:

B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

BL:

Burkitt lymphoma

B-PLL:

B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

CDK6:

Cyclin dependent kinase 6 gene

CLL/SLL:

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma

CNS:

Central nervous system

CRA:

Common region of amplification

DAPK1:

Death-associated protein kinase 1

DLBCL:

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

FFPE:

Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

FNA:

Fine needle aspirate

GCB:

Germinal center B-cell like

iAMP21:

Intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21

LPL:

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma

M-bcr:

Major breakpoint cluster region

m-bcr:

“minor” breakpoint cluster region

MF:

Mycosis fungoides

MLPA:

Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification

MRD:

Minimal residual disease

NK:

Natural killer

Non-GCB:

Non-germinal center B-cell like

NPM:

Nucleophosmin gene

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

PTCL, NOS:

Peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified

RT-PCR:

Reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction

SHM:

Somatic hypermutation

SMZL:

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma

SNP:

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array

T-ALL:

T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

TCR:

T cell gene rearrangement

TKI:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

UDP:

Uniparental disomy

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Deniz Peker, Jianguo Tao & Ling Zhang M.D.

  2. Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Deniz Peker, Jianguo Tao & Ling Zhang M.D.

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  1. Deniz Peker
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Correspondence to Ling Zhang M.D. .

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  1. Anatomic Pathology, University of South Florida, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Domenico Coppola

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Peker, D., Tao, J., Zhang, L. (2014). Molecular Diagnostics of Lymphoid Neoplasms. In: Coppola, D. (eds) Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7192-5_17

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