Abstract
All tissues can be damaged by ionizing radiation. Early biomarkers of radiation injury are critical for triage, treatment and follow-up of large numbers of people exposed to ionizing radiation after terrorist attacks or radiological accident, and for prediction of normal tissue toxicity before, during and after a treatment by radiotherapy. The comparative proteomic approach is a promising and powerful tool for the discovery of new radiation biomarkers. In association with multivariate statistics, proteomics enables measurement of the level of hundreds or thousands of proteins at the same time and identifies set of proteins that can discriminate between different groups of individuals. Human serum and plasma are the preferred samples for the study of normal and disease-associated proteins. Extreme complexity, extensive dynamic range, genetic and physiological variations, protein modifications and incompleteness of sampling by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry represent key challenges to reproducible, high-resolution, and high-throughput analyses of serum and plasma proteomes. The future of radiation research will possibly lie in molecular networks that link genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome variations to radiation pathophysiology and serve as sensors of radiation disease. This chapter reviews recent advances in proteome analysis of serum and plasma as well as its applications to radiation biology and radiation biomarker discovery for both radiation exposure and radiation tissue toxicity.
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Abbreviations
- 1D-SDS-PAGE:
-
One-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- 2D-DIGE:
-
Two-dimensional in-gel differential gel electrophoresis
- 2D-GE:
-
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
- Ab:
-
Antibody
- AEC:
-
Anion exchange chromatography
- ApoA-1:
-
Apolipoprotein A-1
- APP:
-
Acute phase protein
- BALF:
-
Bronchoalveolar fluid
- Da:
-
Dalton
- ELISA:
-
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FFE:
-
Free flow electrophoresis
- Flt3-L:
-
Flt3-ligand
- G-CSF:
-
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
- Gy:
-
Gray
- HC:
-
Hierarchical clustering
- HMW:
-
High molecular weight
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- HUPO:
-
Human proteome organization
- IEF:
-
Isoelectric focusing
- IFN-γ:
-
Interferon gamma
- IL:
-
Interleukin
- IL-1ra:
-
Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
- IMRT:
-
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
- IP10:
-
Interferon gamma-induced protein 10
- IR:
-
Irradiation
- iTRAQ:
-
Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation
- KEGG:
-
Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes
- KL-6:
-
Krebs von den Lungen-6
- LC:
-
Liquid chromatography
- LMW:
-
Low molecular weight
- LTGF-β:
-
Latent transforming growth factor beta
- MCP-1:
-
monocyte chemotactic protein-1
- METREPOL:
-
Medical treatment protocols for radiation accident victims
- MHC I H2-Q10:
-
Major histocompatibility
- α chain:
-
complex I histocompatibility 2 Q region locus 10 alpha chain
- MRM:
-
Multiple reaction monitoring
- MS:
-
Mass spectrometry
- MS/MS:
-
Tandem mass spectrometry
- NSCLC:
-
Non-small cell lung cancer
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
- PF2D:
-
Chromatofocusing-reverse phase-liquid chromatography
- pI :
-
Isoelectric point
- PLS-DA:
-
Partial least square discriminant analysis
- PPP:
-
Plasma proteome project
- Pzp:
-
Pregnancy zone protein
- Q-TOF:
-
Quadrupole time-of-flight
- RP-LC:
-
Reverse phase liquid chromatography
- RT:
-
Radiation therapy
- SCX:
-
Strong cation exchange
- SDS-PAGE:
-
Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- SEC:
-
Size-exclusion chromatography
- SELDI-TOF:
-
Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight
- SRM:
-
Selected reaction monitoring
- TGF-β:
-
Transforming growth factor beta
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TOF:
-
Time-of-flight
- α2M:
-
α-2-macroglobulin
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Electricité de France (Groupe Gestion Projet – Radioprotection) and the European Union (Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n° 241536) which financially supports our work on biomarker discovery for molecular prognosis of tissue radiation toxicity.
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Guipaud, O. (2013). Serum and Plasma Proteomics and Its Possible Use as Detector and Predictor of Radiation Diseases. In: Leszczynski, D. (eds) Radiation Proteomics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 990. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5896-4_4
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