Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

EPR of Free Radicals in Solids II pp 1–24Cite as

EPR Studies of Atomic Impurities in Rare Gas Matrices

  • Chapter

  • 1230 Accesses

Part of the book series: Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics ((PTCP,volume 25))

Abstract

In this article we give an overview of the matrix isolation technique combined with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection for embedded atomic impurities in solid rare gases. A special emphasis is put on impurity – matrix coupling effects combining both experimental and theoretical approaches.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Weltner W Jr (1983) Magnetic atoms and molecules. Dover Publications, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Whittle E, Dows D, Pimentel G (1954) Matrix isolation method for the experimental study of unstable species. J Chem Phys 22:1943–1944

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Jacox M (2011) Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules. http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/polyatom/. Accessed 7 Jul 2011

  4. Bass A, Broida H (eds) (1960) Frormation and trapping of free radicals. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Palaszewski P, Ianovski L, Garrick P (1998) Propellant technologies: far-reaching benefits for aeronautical and space-vehicle propulsion. J Propul Power 14:641–648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Tam S, Macler M, DeRose M, Fajardo M (2000) Electronic spectroscopy of B atoms and B2 molecules isolated in para-H2, normal-D2, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe matrices. J Chem Phys 113:9067–9078

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Runeberg N, Lundell J, Räsänen M (2000) A stable argon compound. Nature 406:874–876

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Pettersson M, Lundell J, Räsänen M (1999) New rare-gas-containing neutral molecules. Eur J Inorg Chem 1999:729–737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Boltnev R, Gordon E, Khmelenko V, Krushinskaya I, Martynenko M, Pelmenev A, Popov E, Shestakov A (1994) Luminescence of nitrogen and neon atoms isolated in solid helium. Chem Phys 189:367–382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Boltnev R, Bernard E, Järvinen J, Khmelenko V, Lee D (2009) Stabilization of hydrogen atoms in aggregates of krypton nanoclusters immersed in superfluid helium. Phys Rev B 79:180506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Gordon E, Mezhov-Deglin L, Pugachev O (1974) Stabilization of nitrogen atoms in superfluid helium. JETP Lett 19:63–65

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gordon E, Khmelenko V, Popov E, Pelmenev A, Pugachev O (1989) Impurity-helium van der Waals crystals. Chem Phys Lett 155:301–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Khmelenko V, Lee D, Vasiliev S (2011) Matrix isolation of h atoms at low temperatures. J Low Temp Phys 162:105–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kiryukhin V, Keimer B, Boltnev R, Khmelenko V, Gordon E (1997) Inert-gas solids with nanoscale porosity. Phys Rev Lett 79:1774–1777

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Popov E, Eloranta J, Ahokas J, Kunttu H (2003) On the formation mechanism of impurity-helium solids: evidence for extensive clustering. Low Temp Phys 29:510–514

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Apkarian V, Schwentner N (1999) Molecular photodynamics in rare gas solids. Chem Rev 99:1481–1514

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chipman D (1992) The spin polarization model for hyperfine coupling constants. Theor Chim Acta 82:93–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Feller D (1990) An ab initio study of the magnetic hyperfine properties of F2  −  (2 Σ u  + ). J Chem Phys 93:579–589

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Feller D, Glendening E, Cullough EM Jr, Miller R (1993) A comparison of unrestricted Hartree-Fock and restricted openshell Hartree-Fockbased methods for determining the magnetic hyperfine parameters of NO (X2 Π). J Chem Phys 99:2829–2840

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ahokas J, Kiljunen T, Eloranta J, Kunttu H, Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Räsänen M (2000) Electronic structure and short-range recombination dynamics of S2 in solid argon. J Chem Phys 112:7475–7482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Kiljunen T, Eloranta J, Kunttu H (1999) Ab initio and molecular-dynamics studies on rare gas hydrides: potential-energy curves, isotropic hyperfine properties, and matrix cage trapping of atomic hydrogen. J Chem Phys 110:11814–11822

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kiljunen T, Eloranta J, Ahokas J, Kunttu H (2001) Magnetic properties of atomic boron in rare gas matrices: an electron paramagnetic resonance study with ab initio and diatomics-in-molecules molecular dynamics analysis. J Chem Phys 114:7144–7156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Dunkin I (1998) Matrix-isolation techniques: a practical approach. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  24. Weil J, Bolton J, Wertz J (1994) Electron paramagnetic resonance: elementary theory and practical applications. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  25. Foner S, Cochran E, Bowers V, Jen C (1960) Multiple trapping sites for hydrogen atoms in rare gas matrices. J Chem Phys 32:963–971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Eloranta J, Vaskonen K, Häkkänen H, Kiljunen T, Kunttu H (1998) 193 nm photodynamics of NO in rare gas matrices: fluorescence, thermoluminescence, and photodissociation. J Chem Phys 109:7784–7792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Eloranta J, Vaskonen K, Kunttu H (1999) Photogeneration of atomic hydrogen in rare gas matrices. J Chem Phys 110:7917–7925

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Vaskonen K, Eloranta J, Kunttu H (1999) Trapping of laser-vaporized alkali metal atoms in rare-gas matrices. Chem Phys Lett 310:245–251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Vaskonen K, Eloranta J, Kiljunen T, Kunttu H (1999) Thermal mobility of atomic hydrogen in solid argon and krypton matrices. J Chem Phys 110:2122–2128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Adrian F (1960) Matrix effects on the electron spin resonance spectra of trapped hydrogen atoms. J Chem Phys 32:972–981

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Schrimpf A, Rosendahl R, Bornemann T, Stöckmann HJ, Faller F, Manceron L (1992) Thermally activated processes in Li doped Ar matrices studied by electronic spin-lattice relaxation. J Chem Phys 96:7992–7999

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Eloranta J (2011) Xemr – a general purpose electron magnetic resonance software. Available at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/xemr/files/. Accessed 7 Jul 2011

  33. Kasai P, McLeod D Jr (1971) ESR studies of Cu, Ag, and Au atoms isolated in raregas matrices. J Chem Phys 55:1566–1575

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Feldman V, Sukhov F, Orlov A (2008) Hydrogen atoms in solid xenon: trapping site structure, distribution, and stability as revealed by EPR studies in monoisotopic and isotopically enriched xenon matrices. J Chem Phys 128:214511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Jen C, Bowers V, Cochran E, Foner S (1962) Electron spin resonance of alkali atoms in inert-gas matrices. Phys Rev 126:1749–1757

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Garland D, Lindsay D (1984) ESR spectra of matrix isolated Li7 clusters. J Chem Phys 80:4761–4766

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Thompson G, Tischler F, Lindsay D (1983) Matrix ESR spectra of polyatomic alkali metal clusters. J Chem Phys 78:5946–5953

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Thompson G, Lindsay D (1981) ESR spectra of matrix isolated potassium atom clusters. J Chem Phys 74:959–968

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Bach S, Garland D, Zee RV, Weltner W Jr (1987) Ag7 cluster: pentagonal bipyramid. J Chem Phys 87:869–872

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Zee RV, Weltner W Jr (1990) Cu7 cluster: pentagonal bipyramid. J Chem Phys 92:6976–6977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Knight L Jr, Rice W, Moore L, Davidson E, Dailey R (1998) Theoretical and electron spin resonance studies of the H…H, H…D, and D…D spin-pair radicals in rare gas matrices: a case of extreme singlettriplet mixing. J Chem Phys 109:1409–1424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Cole T, McConnell H (1958) Zero field splittings in atomic nitrogen at 4.2 K. J Chem Phys 29:451–452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Jackel G, Nelson W, Gordy W (1968) Matrix perturbations of the ESR of trapped H, N, P, and As atoms at 4.2 K. Phys Rev 176:453–460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Boltnev R, Krushinskaya I, Pelmenev A, Popov E, Stolyarov D (2005) Study of the stabilization and recombination of nitrogen atoms in impurityhelium condensates. Low Temp Phys 31:547–555

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Popov E, Gordon R, Khmelenko V, Martynenko M, Pelmenev A, Shidov E (1996) Cooperative effects in the low temperature optical and esr spectroscopy of atoms isolated in helium matrix. In: 2nd International conference on temperature chemistry, Kansas City, p 145

    Google Scholar 

  46. Knight L Jr, Bell B, Cobranchi D, Davidson E (1999) Electron spin resonance and theoretical studies of the 14N…14N and 15N…15N spin-pair radicals in neon matrices: the effects of mixing among the 1 Σ g  + , 3 Σ u  + , 5 Σ g  + , and 7 Σ u  +  electronic states. J Chem Phys 111:3145–3154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Kasai P (1968) Generation and trapping of charged species in rare-gas matrix at 4 K: ESR spectra of Cd + , Cr + , and Mn + . Phys Rev Lett 21:67–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Morton J, Preston K, Strach S, Adrian F, Jette A (1979) Anisotropic hyperfine interactions of raregas nuclei near trapped hydrogen atoms. J Chem Phys 70:2889–2893

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Ammeter J, Schlosnagle D (1973) Electronic quenching of Al and Ga atoms isolated in rare gas matrices. J Chem Phys 59:4784–4820

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Graham W, Weltner W Jr (1976) B atoms, B2 and H2BO molecules: ESR and optical spectra at 4 K. J Chem Phys 65:1516–1521

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. LB Knight J, Weltner W Jr (1971) ESR and optical spectroscopy of the AlO molecule at 4 K; Observation of an Al complex and its interaction with krypton. J Chem Phys 55:5066–5077

    Google Scholar 

  52. Boate A, Morton J, Preston K (1978) EPR spectrum of Kr2F. Chem Phys Lett 54:579–581

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Bhat S, Weltner W Jr (1980) ESR of matrix isolated bromine atoms produced in the H + Br2 reaction. J Chem Phys 73:1498–1502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Iwasaki M, Toriyama K, Muto H (1979) Electron spin resonance of 127I atoms trapped in Xe matrices. J Chem Phys 71:2853–2859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Woon D, Dunning T Jr (1994) Gaussian basis sets for use in correlated molecular calculations. IV. calculation of static electrical response properties. J Chem Phys 100:2975–2988

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Nicklass A, Dolg M, Stoll H, Preuss H (1995) Ab initio energyadjusted pseudopotentials for the noble gases Ne through Xe: calculation of atomic dipole and quadrupole polarizabilities. J Chem Phys 102:8942–8952

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Mcweeny R (1992) Methods of molecular quantum mechanics, 2nd edn. Academic, London

    Google Scholar 

  58. Jensen F (1999) Introduction to computational chemistry. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  59. Boys S, Bernardi F (1970) Calculation of small molecular interactions by differences of separate total energies – some procedures with reduced errors. Mol Phys 19:553–566

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Berning A, Schweizer M, Werner HJ, Knowles P (2000) Spin-orbit matrix elements for internally contracted multireference conguration interaction wave functions. Mol Phys 98:1823–1833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Harriman J (1978) Theoretical foundations of electron spin resonance. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  62. Anderson E, Bai Z, Bischof C (1999) LAPACK users’ guide, 3rd edn. Society for industrial and applied mathematics, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  63. Condon E, Shortley G (1970) The theory of atomic spectra. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  64. Frigo M, Johnson S (2005) The design and implementation of FFTW3. Proc IEEE 93(2):216–231, special issue on “Program generation, optimization, and platform adaptation”

    Google Scholar 

  65. Du JL, Eaton G, Eaton S (1995) Temperature and orientation dependence of electron-spin relaxation rates for bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)copper(II). J Magn Reson A 117:67–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Kirste B (1992) Methods for automated analysis and simulation of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. Anal Chim Acta 265:191–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Henrik Kunttu

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA

    Jussi Eloranta

Authors
  1. Henrik Kunttu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jussi Eloranta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Henrik Kunttu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

    Anders Lund

  2. Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

    Masaru Shiotani

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kunttu, H., Eloranta, J. (2012). EPR Studies of Atomic Impurities in Rare Gas Matrices. In: Lund, A., Shiotani, M. (eds) EPR of Free Radicals in Solids II. Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, vol 25. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4887-3_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation