Skip to main content

Analysis and Discussion of Classroom and Achievement Data to Raise Student Achievement

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Data-based Decision Making in Education

Part of the book series: Studies in Educational Leadership ((SIEL,volume 17))

Abstract

In New Zealand, there is evidence that analysing data in teams can lead to improvements in student achievement. In this country, data discussions in professional learning communities were an important component of research and development interventions in three clusters of schools (nā€‰=ā€‰48 schools). These interventions significantly improved student achievement over 3 years, and these achievement gains were sustained after the interventions. In this chapter, the authors focus on a central feature of these data discussions, understanding classroom instruction in relation to student achievement patterns. The importance of inter-dependence between schools and external experts, greater pedagogical content knowledge to link classroom instruction to achievement results and the creation and use of school artefacts (e.g., data analysis reports) to facilitate effective data use are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    A fictional school.

  2. 2.

    In our publications, we use several statistical models of varying complexities depending on the manuscript focus. The models used here takes into account growth over the summer holidays as well as during the academic years (see Lai et al. 2009a, for a description of the statistical model).

  3. 3.

    Syndicate teams comprise teachers and leaders that teach 2ā€“3 year levels in the school (e.g. teachers of year levels 4ā€“6 in the school).

References

  • Annan, B. (2007). A theory for schooling improvement: Consistency and connectivity to improve instructional practice. Unpublished thesis, University of Auckland, Auckland.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Annan, B., Lai, M. K., & Robinson, V. M. J. (2001). Teacher talk to improve teacher practices. SET, 1, 31ā€“35.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Biemiller, A. (2001). Teaching vocabulary: Early, direct and sequential. American Educator, 25(1), 24ā€“28 and 47.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Block, C. C., & Pressley, M. (Eds.). (2002). Comprehension instruction: Research-based best practices. New York: Guilford.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Borman, G. D. (2000). Making the most of summer school: A meta analytic and narrative review. In H. Cooper, K. Charlton, J. C. Valentine & L. Muhlenbruck (Eds.), Monographs of the society for research in child development. 260(65), 119ā€“127.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Borman, G. D. (2005). National efforts to bring reform to scale in high-poverty schools: Outcomes and implications. In L. Parker (Ed.), Review of research in education, (29, pp.Ā 1ā€“28). Washington: American Educational Research Association.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Buly, M. R., & Valencia, S. W. (2002). Below the bar: Profiles of students who fail state reading assessments. Educational and Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 24(3), 219ā€“239.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Campbell, C., & Levin, B. (2009). Using data to support educational improvement. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21(1), 47ā€“65.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Cawelti, G., & Protheroe, N. (2001). High student achievement: How six school districts changed into high-performance systems. Arlington: Educational Research Service.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Coburn, C., Toure, J., & Yamashita, M. (2009). Evidence, interpretation and persuasion: Instructional decision making at the district central office. Teachers College Record, 111(4), 1115ā€“1161.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Darling-Hammond, L., & Bransford, J. (2005). Preparing teachers for a changing world: What teachers should be able to learn and be able to do. San Francisco: Wiley.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Earl, L., & Timperley, H. (Eds.). (2008). Evidence-based conversations to improve educational practices. Netherlands: Kluwer/Springer Academic.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Education Review Office (2009). Getting the most out of your ERO review: Schools. Wellington, New Zealand: Education Review Office. http://www.ero.govt.nz/ Review-Process/For-Parents. Accessed 21 Jan 2010.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Elley, W. (2001). STAR supplementary test of achievement in reading: Years 4ā€“6. Wellington. New Zealand: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Fancy, H. (2007). Schooling reform: Reflections on the New Zealand experience. In T. Townsend (Ed.), International handbook of school effectiveness and improvement (Vol. 1). Netherlands: Springer.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Frederiksen, N. (1984). The real test bias: Influences of testing on teaching and learning. American Psychologist, 39, 193ā€“202.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Fuller, B., Wright, J., Gesicki, K., & Kang, E. (2007). Gauging growth: How to judge: No child left behind. Educational Researcher, 36, 268ā€“278.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Halverson, R. (2003). Systems of practice: How leaders use artifacts to create professional community in schools. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 11(37). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v11n37.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Halverson, R. (2007). How leaders use artifacts to structure professional community. In L. Stoll & K. Seashore-Louis (Eds.), Professional learning communities: Divergence, depth and dilemmas (pp.Ā 93ā€“105). New York: Open University Press.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1995). Meaningful differences in the everyday experience of young American children. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Lai, M. K., & McNaughton, S. (2008). Raising student achievement in poor, urban communities through evidence-based conversations. In L. Earl & H. Timperley (Eds.), Evidence-based conversations to improve educational practices (pp.Ā 13ā€“27). Netherlands: Kluwer/Springer Academic.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Lai, M. K., & McNaughton, S. (2009). Not by achievement analysis alone: How inquiry needs to be informed by evidence from classrooms. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 44(2), 93ā€“108.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Lai, M. K., & McNaughton, S. (2010). Evidence-informed discussions: The role of pedagogical content knowledge. In H. Timperley & J. Parr (Eds.), Weaving evidence, inquiry and standards to build better schools (pp.Ā 157ā€“172). Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Lai, M. K., McNaughton, S., Amituanai-Toloa, M., Turner, R., & Hsiao, S. (2009a). Sustained acceleration of achievement in reading comprehension: The New Zealand experience. Reading Research Quarterly, 44(1), 30ā€“56.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Lai, M. K., McNaughton, S., Timperley, H., & Hsiao, S. (2009b). Sustaining continued acceleration in reading comprehension achievement following an intervention. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21(1), 81ā€“100.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • McNaughton, S. (2002). Meeting of minds. Wellington: Learning Media.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • McNaughton, S., & Lai, M. K. (2010). The learning schools model of school change to raise achievement in reading comprehension for culturally and linguistically diverse students in New Zealand. In P. H. Johnston (Ed.), RTI in literacyā€”responsive and comprehensive (pp.Ā 313ā€“331). Newark: International Reading Association.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • McNaughton, S., Lai, M.K. & Hsiao, S. (2012). Testing the effectiveness of an intervention model based on data use: A replication series across clusters of schools. School effectiveness and School Improvement, 23(2), 203-228.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Palincsar, A. S., & Brown, A. L. (1984). Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities. Cognition and Instruction, 1(2), 117ā€“175.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Reid, N. A., & Elley, W. B. (1991). Revised progressive achievement tests: Reading comprehension. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Robinson, V. M. J. (1993). Problem-based methodology: Research for the improvement of practice. Great Britain: Pergamon.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Robinson, V. M. J., & Lai, M. K. (2006). Practitioner research for educators: A guide to improving classrooms and schools. California: Thousand Oaks Corwin.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Timperley, H., & Parr, J. (2010). Evidence, inquiry and standards. In H. Timperley & J. Parr (Eds.), Weaving evidence, inquiry and standards to build better schools. Wellington: NZCER.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Timperley, H., McNaughton, S., Lai, M. K., Hohepa, M., Parr, J., & Dingle, R. (2010). Towards an optimal model for building better schools. In H. Timperley & J. Parr (Eds.), Weaving evidence, inquiry and standards to build better schools (pp.Ā 25ā€“49). Wellington: NZCER.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  • Toole, J. C., & Seashore-Louis, K. (2002). The role of professional learning communities in international education. In K. L. P. Hallinger (Ed.), Second international handbook of educational leadership and administration (pp.Ā 245ā€“279). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.

    ChapterĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Wang, J., & Guthrie, J. T. (2004). Modeling the effects of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, amount of reading, and past reading achievement on text comprehension between US and Chinese students. Reading Research Quarterly, 39(2), 162ā€“186.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  • Wilkinson, I., & Son, A. (2010). A dialogic turn in research on learning and teaching to comprehends. In M. L. Kamil, P. D. Pearson, E. B. Moje & P. Afflerbach (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (Vol. IV). New York: Routledge.

    Google ScholarĀ 

Download references

Acknowledgement

We wish to acknowledge the support received through the New Zealand Council for Educational Research ā€˜Teaching, Learning and Research Initiativeā€™ projects on sustainability and improving literacy, and the Ministry of Education.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mei Kuin Lai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

Ā© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lai, M., McNaughton, S. (2013). Analysis and Discussion of Classroom and Achievement Data to Raise Student Achievement. In: Schildkamp, K., Lai, M., Earl, L. (eds) Data-based Decision Making in Education. Studies in Educational Leadership, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4816-3_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics