Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) synthesis and oocyte development appear to be induced by ecdysteroids in the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata. Vg transcription in insects has been shown to be mediated by two nuclear receptors, an ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) and a retinoid X receptor (RXR). EcR and RXR expression in female ticks increase after engorgement. However, there is little information about EcR and RXR expression in tissues as related to reproduction. Therefore, the sites of EcR and RXR expression during vitellogenesis were determined. Expression levels of EcR and RXR were determined for salivary glands, midgut, ovary, anterior reproductive tract, fat body, muscle, and cuticle of mated females by reverse transcriptase RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Ovaries showed constant expression of EcR and RXR throughout the adult female stage. The fat body showed higher expression of EcR and RXR on one day after engorgement. The fat body of female ticks has been reported to be the organ of Vg synthesis. Therefore, increases in EcR and RXR of the fat body support the hypotheses that the site of Vg synthesis is the fat body and ecdysteroids regulate this synthesis in O. moubata. EcR and RXR in the ovary and anterior reproductive tract may also play roles in the regulation of oocyte development.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Buszczak M, Freeman MR, Carlson JR et al. (1999) Ecdysone response genes govern egg chamber development during midoogenesis in Drosophila. Development 126: 4581–4589.
Chinzei Y, Chino H & Takahashi K (1983) Purification and properties of vitellogenin and vitellin from a tick, Ornithodoros moubata. J Comp Physiol B 152: 13–21.
Chinzei Y & Yano I (1985) Fat body is the site of vitellogenesis synthesis in the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata. J Comp Physiol B 155: 671–678.
Chinzei Y (1986) Vitellogenin biosynthesis and processing in a soft tick. Host Regulated Development Mechanisms in Vector Arthropods, Proceedings of the Vero Beach Symposium (ed. by D Borovsky & A Spielman), pp 18–25. University of Florida-IFAS, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Vero Beach, FL, USA.
Chinzei Y & Taylor D (1990) Regulation of vitellogenesis induction by engorgement in the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata. Adv Inverte Reprod 5: 565–570.
Chinzei Y, Taylor D, Miura K & Ando K (1992) Vitellogenesis induction by a synganglion factor in adult female ticks Ornithodoros moubata (Acari: Argasidae). J Acarol Soc Jpn 1: 15–26.
Chinzei Y & Taylor D (1994) Hormonal regulation of vitellogenin synthesis in ticks. Advances in Disease Vector Research, volume 10 (ed. by KR Harris), pp 1–22. Springer, New York, NY, USA.
Christianson AM, King DL, Hatzivassiliou E et al.. (1992) DNA binding and heteromerization of the Drosophila transcription factor chorion factor 1/ultraspiracle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 11503–11507.
Friesen KJ & Kaufman WR (2002) Quantification of vitellogenesis and its control by 20-hydroxyecdysone in the ixodid tick, Amblyomma hebraeum. J Insect Physiol 48: 773–782.
Guo X, Harmon MA, Laudet V et al. (1997) Isolation of a functional ecdysteroid receptor homologue from the ixodid tick Amblyomma americanum (L.). Insect Biochem Mol Biol 127: 945–962.
Guo X, Xu Q, Harmon MA et al. (1998) Isolation of two functional retinoid X receptor subtypes from the Ixodid tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.). Mol Cell Endocrinol 139: 45–60.
Hagedorn HH (1985) The role of ecdyteroids in reproduction. Comprehensive Insect Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology, volume 8 (ed. by GA Kerkut & LI Gilbert), pp 205–261. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
Hagedorn HH (1989) Physiological roles of hemolymph ecdysteroid in the adult insect. Ecdysone from Chemistry to Mode of Action (ed. by J Koolman), pp. 279–289. Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, NY, USA.
Hall BL & Thummel CS (1998) The RXR homolog ultraspiracle is an essential component of the Drosophila ecdysone receptor. Development 125: 4709–4717.
Henrich VC & Brown NE (1995) Insect nuclear receptors: A developmental and comparative perspective. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 25: 881–897.
Horigane M, Ogihara K, Nakajima Y et al. (2007a) Cloning and expression of the ecdysteroid receptor during ecdysis and reproduction in females of the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata (Acari: Argasidae). Insect Mol Biol 16: 601–612.
Horigane M, Ogihara K, Nakajima Y et al. (2007b) Identification and expression analysis of an actin gene from the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata (Acari: Argasidae). Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 64: 186–199.
Horigane M, Ogihara K, Nakajima Y & Taylor D (2008) Isolation and expression of the retinoid X receptor from last instar nymphs and adult females of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata (Acari: Argasidae). Gen Comp Endocrinol 156: 298–311.
James AM, Zhu XX & Oliver JH Jr (1997) Vitellogenin and ecdysteroid titers in Ixodes scapularis during vitellogenesis. J Parasitol 83: 559–563.
Kapitskaya M, Wang S, Cress DE et al. (1996) The mosquito ultraspiracle homologue, a partner of ecdysteroid receptor heterodimer: cloning and characterization of isoforms expressed during vitellogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 121: 119–132.
Kokoza VA, Martin D, Mienaltowski MJ et al. (2001) Transcriptional regulation of the mosquito vitellogenin gene via a blood mealtriggered cascade. Gene 274: 47–65.
Mangelsdorf DJ & Evans RM (1995) The RXR heterodimers and orphan receptors. Cell 83: 841–850.
Mao H & Kaufman WR (1998) DNA binding properties of the ecdysteroid receptor in the salivary gland of the female ixodid tick, Amblyomma hebraeum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 28: 947–957.
Mao H & Kaufman WR (1999) Profile of the ecdysteroid hormone and its receptor in the salivary gland of the adult female tick, Amblyomma hebraeum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 29: 33–42.
Martin D, Wang SF & Raikhel AS (2001) The vitellogenin gene of the mosquito Aedes aegypti is a direct target of ecdysteroid receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol 173: 75–86.
McCall K (2004) Eggs over easy: cell death in the Drosophila ovary. Dev Biol 274: 3–14.
Miura K, Wang SF & Raikhel AS (1999) Two distinct subpopulations of ecdysone receptor complex in the female mosquito during vitellogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 156: 111–120.
Oro AE, McKeown M & Evans RM (1990) Relationship between the product of the Drosophila ultraspiracle locus and the vertebrate retinoid X receptor. Nature 347: 298–301.
Ogihara K, Horigane M, Nakajima Y et al. (2007) Ecdysteroid Hormone Titer and its Relationship to Vitellogenesis in the Soft Tick, Ornithodoros moubata (Acari: Argasidae). Gen Comp Endocrinol 150: 371–380.
Palmer MJ, Warren JT, Jin X et al. (2002) Developmental profiles of ecdysteroids, ecdysteroid receptor mRNAs and DNA binding properties of ecdysteroid receptors in the Ixodid tick Amblyomma americanum (L.). Insect Biochem Mol Biol 32: 465–476.
Raikhel AS, Kokoza VA, Zhu J et al. (2002) Molecular biology of mosquito vitellogenesis: from basic studies to genetic engineering of antipathogen immunity. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 32: 1275–1286.
Rees HH (2004) Hormonal control of tick development and reproduction. Parasitology 129: 127–143.
Sauer JR, Essenberg RC & Bowman AS (2000) Salivary glands in ixodid ticks: control and mechanism of secretion. J Insect Physiol 46: 1069–1078.
Sankhon N, Lockey T, Rosell RC et al. (1999) Effect of methoprene and 20-hydroxyecdysone on vitellogenin production in cultured fat bodies and backless explants from unfed female Dermacentor variabilis. J Insect Physiol 45: 755–761.
Sonenshine DE (1994) Biology of Ticks, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA.
Swevers L, Drevet JR, Lunke MD & Iatrou K (1995). The silk-moth homolog of the Drosophila ecdysone receptor (B1 isoform): cloning and analysis of expression during follicular cell differentiation. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 25: 857–866.
Swevers L, Cherbas L, Cherbas P & Iatrou K (1996) Bombyx EcR (BmEcR) and Bombyx USP (BmCF1) combine to form a functional ecdysone receptor. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 26: 217–221.
Taylor D, Chinzei Y & Ando K (1991) Vitellogenin synthesis, processing and hormonal regulation in the tick, Ornithodoros parkeri (Acari: Argasidae). Insect Biochem 21: 723–733.
Taylor D, Moribayashi A, Agui N et al. (1997) Hormonal regulation of vitellogenesis in the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata. Advances in Comparative Endocrinology (ed. by S Kawashima & S Kikuyama), pp 213–220. Monduzzi Editore, Bologna, Italy.
Taylor D & Chinzei Y (2002) Vitellogenesis in the tick. Recent Progress in Vitellogenesis - Reproductive Biology of Invertebrates, volume 12 (ed. by AS Raikhel & TW Sappington), pp 175–199. Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, USA.
Thomas HE, Stunnenberg HG & Stewart AF (1993) Heterodimerization of the Drosophila ecdysone receptor with retinoid X receptor and ultraspiracle. Nature 362: 471–475.
Thompson DM, Khalil SM, Jeffers LA et al. (2005) In vivo role of 20- hydroxyecdysone in the regulation of the vitellogenin mRNA and egg development in the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say). J Insect Physiol 51: 1105–1116.
Wang SF, Li C, Zhu J et al. (2000) Differential expression and regulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone of mosquito ultraspiracle isoforms. Dev Biol 218: 99–113.
Wang SF, Li C, Sun G et al. (2002) Differential expression and regulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone of mosquito ecdysteroid receptor isoforms A and B. Mol Cell Endocrinol 196: 29–42.
Yao TP, Segraves WA, Oro AE et al. (1992) Drosophila ultraspiracle modulates ecdysone receptor function via heterodimer formation. Cell 71: 63–72.
Yao TP, Forman BM, Jiang Z et al. (1993) Functional ecdysone receptor is the product of EcR and Ultraspiracle genes. Nature 366: 476–479.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Horigane, M., Taylor, D. (2010). Analysis of tissues for EcR and RXR nuclear receptor gene expression during vitellogenesis in the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata . In: Sabelis, M., Bruin, J. (eds) Trends in Acarology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9837-5_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9837-5_36
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-9836-8
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9837-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)