Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Anal Abscesses and Fistulae

  • Chapter
Book cover Prevention and Treatment of Complications in Proctological Surgery

  • 908 Accesses

Abstract

A patient with anal fissures and hemorrhoids may be operated on by a general surgeon, but a patient with anal fistula needs to be managed by a specialist. Professor Goligher, in his book which for decades has been the bible of large-bowel surgery, wrote that it is more difficult to successfully operate on a patient with a complex recurrent anal fistula than on a patient with rectal cancer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Suggested Readings

  • Abarca F, Brand M, Saclarides T (2010) Cutting seton: outcomes, safety, and efficacy for the treatment of anorectal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 53:574

    Google Scholar 

  • Abulian A, Kaji A, Kumar R, CA Torrance (2010) Early results of ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract for fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 53:552–553

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams J, Whitlow C, Beck D et al (2010) Does catheter drainage time affect outcome of perianal abscesses? Dis Colon Rectum 53:570

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams T, Yang J, Kondylis LA et al (2008) Long-term outlook after successful fibrin glue ablation of cryptoglandular transsphincteric fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 51:1488–1490

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander SM, Mitalas LE, Gosselink MP et al (2008) Obliteration of the fistulous tract with BioGlue adversely affects the outcome of transanal advancement flap repair. Tech Coloproctol 12:225–228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altomare DF, Greco VJ, Tricomi N et al (2011) Seton or glue for trans-sphincteric anal fistulae: a prospective randomized crossover clinical trial. Colorectal Dis 13:82–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altomare DF, La Torre F, Rinaldi M et al (2008) Carbon-coated microbeads anal injection in outpatient treatment of minor fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 51:432–435

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amin SN, Tierney GM, Lund JN et al (2003) V–Y advancement flap for treatment of fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 46:540–543

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Athanasiadis S, Helmes C, Yazigi R et al (2004) The direct closure of the internal fistula opening without advancement flap for transsphincteric fistulas-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 47:1174–1180

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atkin GK, Martins J, Tozer P et al (2011) For many high anal fistulas, lay open is still a good option. Tech Coloproctol 15:143–150

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bassi R, Rademacher J, Savoia A (2006) Rectovaginal fistula after STARR procedure complicated by haematoma of the posterior vaginal wall: report of a case. Tech Coloproctol 10:361–363

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bemelman WA (2009) Vacuum assisted closure in coloproctology. Tech Coloproctol 13:261–263

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi C, Pescatori M (1998) Perineal lipofilling: a new surgical treatment for fecal incontinence. Tech Coloproctol 2:46–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi C, Pescatori M (2001) Reconstructive perineoplasty in the management of non-healing wounds after anorectal surgery. Tech Coloproctol 5:27–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binda GA, Trizi F (2007) Treatment of unhealed wound after anal fistulotomy with full-thickness skin graft. Tech Coloproctol 11:294

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bleier JI, Moloo H, Goldberg SM (2010) Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract: an effective new technique for complex fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 53:43–46

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blumetti J, Quinteros F, Abcarian A et al (2010) The evolution of treatment of fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 53:570

    Google Scholar 

  • Browder LK, Sweet S, Kaiser AM (2009) Modified Hanley procedure for management of complex horseshoe fistulae. Tech Coloproctol 13:301–306

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan GN, Bartram CI, Phillips RK et al (2003) Efficacy of fibrin sealant in the management of complex anal fistula: a prospective trial. Dis Colon Rectum 46:1167–1174

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan GN, Owen HA, Torkington J et al (2004) Long-term outcome following loose-seton technique for external sphincter preservation in complex anal fistula. Br J Surg 91:476–480

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cavanaugh M, Hyman N, Osler T (2002) Fecal incontinence severity index after fistulotomy: a predictor of quality of life. Dis Colon Rectum 45:349–353

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Champagne BJ, O’Connor LM, Ferguson M et al (2006) Efficacy of anal fistula plug in closure of cryptoglandular fistulas: long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 49:1817–1821

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhary BN, Chadwick M, Roe AM (2010) Selecting patients with fecal incontinence for anal sphincter surgery: the influence of irritable bowel syndrome. Colorect Dis 12-750-753

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi D, Sung KH, Seo HI et al (2010) Patient-performed seton irrigation for the treatment of deep fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 53:812–816

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christoforidis D, Etzioni DA, Goldberg SM et al (2008) Treatment of complex anal fistulas with the collagen fistula plug. Dis Colon Rectum 51:1482–1487

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christoforidis D, Pieh MC, Madoff RD et al (2009) Treatment of transsphincteric anal fistulas by endorectal advancement flap or collagen fistula plug: a comparative study. Dis Colon Rectum 52:18–22

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chung W, Kazemi P, Ko D et al (2009) Anal fistula plug and fibrin glue versus conventional treatment in repair of complex anal fistulas. Am J Surg 197:604–608

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cintron JR, Park JJ, Orsay CP et al (2000) Repair of fistulas-inano using fibrin adhesive: long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 43:944–999

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox SW, Senagore AJ, Luchtefeld MA et al (1997) Outcome after incision and drainage with fistulotomy for ischiorectal abscess. Am Surg 63:686–689

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devesa JM, Hervás PL, Vicente R et al (2011) Anal encirclement with a simple prosthetic sling for faecal incontinence. Tech Coloproctol 15:17–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eitan A, Koliada M, Bickel A (2009) The use of the loose seton technique as a definitive treatment for recurrent and persistent high trans-sphincteric anal fistulas: a long-term outcome. J Gastrointest Surg 13:1116–1119

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eléouet M, Spiroudhis L, Guillou N et al (2010) Chronic posterior tibial nerve transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to treat fecal incontinence. Int J Colorectal Dis 25:1127–1132

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN (2007) Bioprosthetic plugs for complex anal fistulas: an early experience. J Surg Educ 64:36–40

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN (2010) Management of anal fistulas: what patients want. Dis Colon Rectum 53:571

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN (2010) Outcomes with the use of bioprosthetics grafts to reinforce the ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (BioLIFT procedure) for the management of complex anal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1361–1364

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN (2010) Sphincter-preserving fistula management: what patients want. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1652–1655

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN, Clark S (2006) Fibrin glue as an adjunct to flap repair of anal fistulas: a randomized, controlled study. Dis Colon Rectum 49:1736–1740

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eykyn SJ, Grace RH (1986) The relevance of microbiology in the management of anorectal sepsis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 68:237–239

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faucheron JL, Voirin D, Badic B (2010) Sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence: causes of surgical revision from a series of 87 consecutive patients operated on in a single institution. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1501–1507

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Filingeri V, Gravante G, Baldessari E et al (2004) Radiofrequency fistulectomy vs. diathermic fistulotomy for submucosal fistulas: a randomized trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 8:111–116

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaertner W, Finne C, Mellgren A et al (2010) Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn’s desease: is nonoperative treatment associated with better outcomes? Dis Colon Rectum 53:601

    Google Scholar 

  • Ganio E, Marino F, Giani I et al (2008) Injectable synthetic calcium hydroxylapatite ceramic microspheres (Coaptite) for passive fecal incontinence. Tech Coloproctol 12:99–102

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Aguilar J, Belmonte C, Wong WD et al (1996) Anal fistula surgery. Factors associated with recurrence and incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 39:723–729

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Olmo D, Herreros D, Pascual I et al (2009) Expanded adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of complex perianal fistula: a phase II clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum 52:79–86

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garg P, Song J, Bhatia A et al (2010) The efficacy of anal fistula plug in fistula-in-ano: a systematic review. Colorect Dis 12:965–970

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grace RH, Harper IA, Thompson RG (1982) Anorectal sepsis: microbiology in relation to fistula-in-ano. Br J Surg 69:401–403

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta PJ (2003) Radiosurgical fistulotomy; an alternative to conventional procedure in fistula in ano. Curr Surg 60:524–528

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafsson UM, Graf W (2002) Excision of anal fistula with closure of the internal opening: functional and manometric results. Dis Colon Rectum 45:1672–1678

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammond TM, Porrett TR, Scott SM et al (2011) Management of idiopathic anal fistula using cross-linked collagen: a prospective phase 1 study. Colorectal Dis 13:94–104

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartschuh W (2008) Hidradenitis suppurativa. In: Herold A, Lehur PA et al (eds) Coloproctology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasegawa H, Radley S, Keighley MR (2000) Long-term results of cutting seton fistulotomy. Acta Chir Iugosl 47:19–21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hebjørn M, Olsen O, Haakansson T et al (1987) A randomized trial of fistulotomy in perianal abscess. Scand J Gastroenterol 22:174–176

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heidenreich A, Collarini HA, Paladino AM et al (1966) Cancer in anal fistulas: report of two cases. Dis Colon Rectum 9:371–376

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho KS, Ho YH (2005) Controlled, randomized trial of island flap anoplasty for treatment of trans-sphincteric fistula-in-ano: early results. Tech Coloproctol 9:166–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho KS, Tsang C, Seow-Choen F et al (2001) Prospective randomized trial comparing ayurvedic cutting seton and fistulotomy for low fistula-in-ano. Tech Coloproctol 5:137–141

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho YH, Tan M, Chui CH et al (1997) Randomized controlled trial of primary fistulotomy with drainage alone for perianal abscesses. Dis Colon Rectum 40:1435–1438

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho YH, Tan M, Leong AF et al (1998) Marsupialization of fistulotomy wounds improves healing: a randomized controlled trial. BrJSurg 85:105–107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzheimer RG, Siebeck M (2006) Treatment procedures for anal fistulous cryptoglandular abscess-how to get the best results. Eur J Med Res 11:501–515

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hossack T, Solomon MJ, Young JM (2005) Ano-cutaneous flap repair for complex and recurrent supra-sphincteric anal fistula. Colorectal Dis 7:187–192

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson EK, Gaw JU, Armstrong DN (2006) Efficacy of anal fistula plug vs. fibrin glue in closure of anorectal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 49:371–376

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jongen J, Koepcke A, Peleikis H et al (2010) Results of rectal advancement flap for high anal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 53:574

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordán J, Roig JV, García-Armengol J et al (2010) Risk factors for recurrence and incontinence after anal fistula surgery. Colorectal Dis 12:254–260

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinübing H Jr, Jannini JF, Campos AC et al (2007) The role of transperineal ultrasonography in the assessment of the internal opening of cryptogenic anal fistula. Tech Coloproctol 11:327–331

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koehler A, Risse-Schaaf A, Athanasiadis S (2004) Treatment for horseshoe fistulas-in-ano with primary closure of the internal fistula opening: a clinical and manometric study. Dis Colon Rectum 47:1874–1882

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacima G, Pera M, Amador A et al (2010) Long-term results of biofeedback treatment for fecal incontinence: a comparative study with untreated controls. Colorectal Dis 12:742–749

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lenisa L, Espìn-Basany E, Rusconi A et al (2010) Anal fistula plug is a valid alternative option for the treatment of complex anal fistula in the long term. Int J Colorectal Dis 25:1487–1493

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loungnarath R, Dietz DW, Mutch MG et al (2004) Fibrin glue treatment of complex anal fistulas has low success rate. Dis Colon Rectum 47:432–436

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malik AI, Nelson RL (2008) Surgical management of anal fistulae: a systematic review. Colorectal Dis 10:420–430

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann CV, Clifton MA (1985) Re-routing of the track for the treatment of high anal and anorectal fistulae. Br J Surg 72:134–137

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitalas LE, van Onkelen RS, Gosselink MP et al (2010) The anal fistula plug as an adjunct to transanal advancement flap repair. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1713

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mizrahi N, Wexner SD, Zmora O et al (2002) Endorectal advancement flap: are there predictors of failure? Dis Colon Rectum 45:1616–1621

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mylonakis E, Katsios C, Godevenos D et al (2001) Quality of life of patients after surgical treatment of anal fistula; the role of anal manometry. Colorectal Dis 3:417–421

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nadal SR, Manzione CR, Horta SH et al (2010) Anal fistulas are associated with condyloma in HIV-infected patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 25:663–664

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson RL, Cintron J, Abcarian H (2000) Dermal island-flap anoplasty for transsphincteric fistula-in-ano: assessment of treatment failures. Dis Colon Rectum 43:681–684

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nordenstam JF, Altman DH, Mellgren AF et al (2010) Impaired rectal sensation at anal manometry is associated with anal incontinence one year after primary sphincter repair in primiparous women. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1409–1414

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oberwalder M, Dinnewitzer A, Baig MK et al (2006) Do internal anal sphincter defects decrease the success rate of anal sphincter repair? Tech Coloproctol 10:94–97

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohana G, Salem L, Arich A et al (2004) Development of epidural abscess following surgical drainage of perianal abscess: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 47:392–394

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver I, Lacueva FJ, Pérez Vicente F et al (2003) Randomized clinical trial comparing simple drainage of anorectal abscess with and without fistula track treatment. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:107–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz H, Marzo J, Ciga MA et al (2009) Randomized clinical trial of anal fistula plug versus endorectal advancement flap for the treatment of high cryptoglandular fistula in ano. Br J Surg 96:608–612

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozuner G, Hull TL, Cartmill J et al (1996) Long-term analysis of the use of transanal rectal advancement flaps for complicated anorectal/vaginal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 39:10–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patrlj L, Kocman B, Martinac M et al (2000) Fibrin glue-antibiotic mixture in the treatment of anal fistulae: experience with 69 cases. Dig Surg 17:77–80

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez F, Arroyo A, Serrano P et al (2005) Fistulotomy with primary sphincter reconstruction in the management of complex fistula-in-ano: prospective study of clinical and manometric results. J Am Coll Surg 200:897–903

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perez F, Arroyo A, Serrano P et al (2006) Randomized clinical and manometric study of advancement flap versus fistulotomy with sphincter reconstruction in the management of complex fistula-in-ano. Am J Surg 192:34–40

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M (1997) Use of a rubber tube to protect endoanal sutures. Tech Coloproctol 1:32–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M (2011) Ascessi, fistole anali e retto-vaginali. Springer, Milano

    Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M, Ayabaca S, Caputo D (2004) Can anal manometry predict anal incontinence after fistulectomy in males. Colorect Dis 6: 97–102

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M, Ayabaca SM, Cafaro D et al (2006) Marsupialization of fistulotomy and fistulectomy wounds improves healing and decreases bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. Colorectal Dis 8:11–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M, Interisano A, Basso L et al (1995) Management of perianal Crohn’s disease. Results of a multicenter study in Italy. Dis Colon Rectum 38:121–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M, Maria G, Anastasio G et al (1989) Anal manometry improves the outcome of surgery for fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 32:588–592

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pescatori M, Mungo M, Guarino E (2002) Combined seton-double flap procedure for complex high anal fistula. Tech Coloproctol 6:71

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips RKS, Lunniss PJ (1996) Anal fistula: surgical evaluation and management. Chapman & Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Quah HM, Tang CL, Eu KW et al (2006) Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing drainage alone vs primary sphincter-cutting procedures for anorectal abscess-fistula. Int J Colorectal Dis 21:602–609

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Queralto M, Portier G, Bonnaud G et al (2010) Efficacy of synthetic glue treatment of high crypoglandular fistula-in-ano. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 34:477–482

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie RD, Sackier JM, Hodde JP (2009) Incontinence rates after cutting seton treatment for anal fistula. Colorectal Dis 11:564–571

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roig JV, García-Armengol J, Jordán JC et al (2010) Fistulectomy and sphincteric reconstruction for complex cryptoglandular fistulas. Colorectal Dis 12:145–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Roig JV, Jordán J, García-Armengol J et al (2009) Changes in anorectal morphologic and functional parameters after fistula-in-ano surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 52:1462–1469

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rojanasakul A, Pattanaarun J, Sahakitrungruang C, Tantiphlachiva K (2007) Total anal sphincter saving technique for fistula-in-ano; the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract. J Med Assoc Thai 90:581–586

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rojanasakul A (2009) LIFT procedure: a simplified technique for fistula-in-ano. Tech Coloproctol 13:237–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin RJ, Chinn BT (1994) Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Surg Clin North Am 74:1317–1325

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Safar B, Jobanputra S, Sands D et al (2009) Anal fistula plug: initial experience and outcomes. Dis Colon Rectum 52:248–252

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sainio P (1985) A manometric study of anorectal function after surgery for anal fistula, with special reference to incontinence. Acta Chir Scand 151:695–700

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schouten WR, van Vroonhoven TJ (1991) Treatment of anorectal abscess with or without primary fistulectomy. Results of a prospective randomized trial. Dis Colon Rectum 34:60–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schouten WR, Zimmerman DD, Briel JW (1999) Transanal advancement flap repair of transsphincteric fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 42:1419–1422

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwandner O (2010) Surgery: Are bioprosthetic plugs for complex anal fistulas effective? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 7:419–420

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz DA, Wiersema MJ, Dudiak KM et al (2001) A comparison of endoscopic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and exam under anesthesia for evaluation of Crohn’s perianal fistulas. Gastroenterology 121:1064–1072

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sentovich SM (2003) Fibrin glue for anal fistulas: long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 46:498–502

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shanwani A, Nor AM, Amri N (2010) Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT): a sphincter-saving technique for fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 53:39–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shukla NK, Narang R, Nair NGK et al (1991) Multicentric randomized controlled clinical trial of Kshaarasootra (Ayurvedic medicated thread) in the management of fistula-in-ano. Indian J Med Res 94:177–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonoda T, Hull T, Piedmonte MR et al (2002) Outcomes of primary repair of anorectal and rectovaginal fistulas using the endorectal advancement flap. Dis Colon Rectum 45:1622–1628

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stremitzer S, Strobl S, Kure V et al (2011) Treatment of perianal sepsis and long-term outcome of recurrence and continence. Colorect Dis 13:703–707

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subhas G, Gupta A, Balaraman S et al (2011) Non-cutting setons for progressive migration of complex fistula tracts: a new spin on an old technique. Int J Colorectal Dis 26:793:798

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sungurtekin U, Sungurtekin H, Kabay B et al (2004) Anocutaneous V-Y advancement flap for the treatment of complex perianal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 47:2178–2183

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swinscoe MT, Ventakasubramaniam AK, Jayne DG (2005) Fibrin glue for fistula-in-ano: the evidence reviewed. Tech Coloproctol 9:89–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takesue Y, Ohge H, Yokoyama T et al (2002) Long-term results of seton drainage on complex anal fistulae in patients with Crohn’s disease. J Gastroenterol 37:912–915

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tan JJ, Chan M, Tjandra JJ (2007) Evolving therapy for fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1950–1967

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tan K, Tan I, Ko D,Tsang C (2010) Long term results of ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) technique in the management of anal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 53:576–577

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang CL, Chew SP, Seow-Choen F (1996) Prospective randomized trial of drainage alone vs. drainage and fistulotomy for acute perianal abscesses with proven internal opening. Dis Colon Rectum 39:1415–1417

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terra MP, Deutekom M, Beets-Tan RG et al (2006) Relationship between external anal sphincter atrophy at endoanal magnetic resonance imaging and clinical, functional, and anatomic characteristics in patients with fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 49:668–678

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thekkinkattil DK, Botterill I, Ambrose NS et al (2009) Efficacy of the anal fistula plug in complex anorectal fistulae. Colorectal Dis 11:584–587

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thornton M, Solomon MJ (2005) Long-term indwelling seton for complex anal fistulas in Crohn’s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 48:459–463

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tjandra JJ, Dykes SL, Aumar RR et al (2007) Practice parameters for the treatment of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1497–1507

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tjandra JJ, Lim JF, Hiscock R et al (2004) Injectable silicone biomaterial for fecal incontinence caused by internal anal sphincter dysfunction is effective. Dis Colon Rectum 47:2138–2146

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toyonaga T, Matsushima M, Kiriu T et al (2007) Factors affecting continence after fistulotomy for intersphincteric fistula-in-ano. Int J Colorectal Dis 22:1071–1075

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toyonaga T, Matsushima M, Tanaka Y et al (2007) Non-sphincter splitting fistulectomy vs conventional fistulotomy for high trans-sphincteric fistula-in-ano: a prospective functional and manometric study. Int J Colorectal Dis 22:1097–1102

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tyler KM, Aarons CB, Sentovich SM (2007) Successful sphincter-sparing surgery for all anal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1535–1539

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van der Hagen SJ, Baeten CG, Soeters PB et al (2011) Autologous platelet-derived growth factors (platelet-rich plasma) as an adjunct to mucosal advancement flap in high cryptoglandular perianal fistulae: a pilot study. Colorectal Dis 13:215–218

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Koperen PJ, Safiruddin F, Bemelman WA et al (2009) Outcome of surgical treatment for fistula in ano in Crohn’s disease. Br J Surg 96:675–679

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Koperen PJ, ten Kate FJ, Bemelman WA et al (2009) Histological identification of epithelium in perianal fistulae: a prospective study. Colorectal Dis 12:891–895

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Koperen PJ, Wind J, Bemelman WA et al (2008) Fibrin glue and transanal rectal advancement flap for high transsphincteric perianal fistulas; is there any advantage? Int J Colorectal Dis 23:697–701

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Tets WF, Kuijpers HC (1994) Continence disorders after anal fistulotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 37:1194–1197

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vial M, Parés D, Pera M et al (2010) Faecal incontinence after seton treatment for anal fistulae with and without surgical division of internal anal sphincter: a systematic review. Colorectal Dis 12:172–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JY, Garcia-Aguilar J, Sternberg JA et al (2009) Treatment of transsphincteric anal fistulas: are fistula plugs an acceptable alternative? Dis Colon Rectum 52:692–697

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westerterp M, Volkers NA, Poolman RW et al (2003) Anal fistulotomy between Skylla and Charybdis. Colorectal Dis 5:549–551

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whiteford MH, Kilkenny J 3rd, Hyman N et al (2005) Practice parameters for the treatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano (revised). Dis Colon Rectum 48:1337–1342

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm A (2011) New technique for sphincter-preserving anal fistula repair using a novel radial emitting laser probe (FilacTM). Tech Coloproctol (Epub ahead of print)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zbar AP, Pescatori M (2005) Internal anal sphincter preservation with seton rerouting in high transsphincteric anal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 48:1666–1667

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zbar AP, Ramesh J, Beer-Gabel M et al (2003) Conventional cutting vs. internal anal sphincter-preserving seton for high trans-sphincteric fistula: a prospective randomized manometric and clinical trial. Tech Coloproctol 7:89–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmermann DDE, Delemarre JB, Gosselink MP et al (2003) Smoking affects the outcome of transanal mucosal advancement flap repair of trans-sphinteric fistulas. Br J Surg 90:351–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Zmora O, Neufeld D, Ziv Y et al (2005) Prospective, multicenter evaluation of highly concentrated fibrin glue in the treatment of complex cryptogenic perianal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 48:2167–2172

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coloproctology Unit, Ars Medica Hospital and La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

    Mario Pescatori MD, FRCS, EBSQ

Authors
  1. Mario Pescatori MD, FRCS, EBSQ
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pescatori, M. (2012). Anal Abscesses and Fistulae. In: Prevention and Treatment of Complications in Proctological Surgery. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2077-1_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2077-1_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-2076-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2077-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation