Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The plankton turnover at the Permo-Triassic boundary, emphasis on radiolarians

  • Conference paper
Book cover Radiolaria

Part of the book series: Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae Supplement ((SWISSGEO,volume 2))

  • 536 Accesses

Abstract

The examination of plankton biodiversity through Permian-Triassic period seems to display different patterns of evolution depending of the scale of study (taxonomy stratigraphy or biogeography). In this paper we present the state of the art of the plankton turnover at the Permo-Triassic and we review more precisely the pattern of extinction and recovery of radiolarians during such period, because at that time, plankton was essentially represented by radiolarians. At a global scale the end-Permian to early Triassic period is marked by several strong extinctions in the marine realm, and in the radiolarians they occur progressively as exemplified by two orders of radiolarians: Albaillelaria and Latentifistularia. Nevertheless, this period is marked by a tremendous post-crisis diversification in both at family and generic level, more than extinction; an actualized revision of the diversity at the family level is also offered in our review. At a moderate scale (i.e. genera and in a region) the modifications appear impressive while at specific and regional domain the message is not so clear, one can wonder if some crisis manifestation results from a taxonomic accident or from preservative conditions. In fact, strangely enough more the number of studies is, more the diversity is high, and oppositely less they are, more the provincialism is evoked.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aita, Y. & Bragin, N.Y. 1999: Non-Tethyan Triassic Radiolaria from New Zealand and northeastern Siberia. In: De Wever, P. & Caulet, J.-P. (Eds.): InterRad VIII. Geodiversitas 21, 503–526.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atudorei, N.C. 1998: Constraints on the Upper Permian to Upper Triassic marine carbon isotope curve: Case studies from the Tethys, PhD Uni. Lausanne, 160 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benton, M.J. 1993: The fossil record 2. 845 p., Chapman & Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benton, M.J & Twitchett, R.J. 2003: How to kill (almost) all life: the end-Permian extinction event. Trends Ecol. & Evol. 18, 358–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blome, C.D. & Reed, K.M. 1992: Permian and Early (?) Triassic radiolarian faunas from the Grindstone Terrane, central Oregon. J. Paleont. 66, 351–383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bottjer, DJ. Schubert, J.K & Droser, M.L. 1996: Comparative evolutionary palaeoecology: Assessing the changing ecology of the past. In: Hart, M. (Ed.): Biotic Recovery from Mass Extinction Events. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 102, 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowring, S.A., Erwin, D.H., Jin, Y.G., Martin, M.W., Davidek, K. & Wang, W. 1998: U/Pb Zircon Geochronology and Tempo of the End-Permian Mass Extinction. Science 280, 1039–1045.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bragin, N.Y. 1991: Radiolaria and lower Mesozoic units of the U.S.S.R. east regions. Geol. Inst. Trans. 469, 1–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Courtillot, V.E. & Renne, P.R. 2003: On the ages of flood basalt events. Comptes Rendus Geosci. 335, 113–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Wever, P. 1982: Radiolaires du Trias et du Lias de la Téthys (Systématique, Stratigraphie). Public. Soc. Géol. Nord 7, 1–599.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Wever, P. & Baudin, F. 1996: Palaeogeography of radiolarite and organic-rich deposits in Mesozoic Tethys. Geol. Rundschau 85, 310–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Wever, P., Azema, J. & Fourcade, E. 1994: Radiolaires et radiolarites: production primaire, diagenèse et paléogéographie. Bull. Centres rech. et Expl.-Elf Aquitaine 18, 315–379.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Wever, P., Dumitricâ, P., Caulet, J.-P., Nigrini, C. & Caridroit, M. 2001: Radiolarians in the sedimentary record. 533 p., Gordon & Breach Sci. Publ.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Wever, P., O’Dogherty, L., Caridroit, M., Dumitricâ, P., Guex, J., Nigrini, C. & Caulet, J.-P. 2003: Diversity of radiolarian families through time. Bull. Soc. Géol. France 174, 453–469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erwin, D.H. 1993: The Great Paleozoic Crisis: Life and Death in the Permian. 327 p., Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng, Q. 1992: Permian and Triassic radiolarian biostratigraphy in south and southwest China. Earth Sci., J. China Univ. Geosci. 3, 51–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng, Q. & Liu, B. 1993: Radiolarian from late Permian and early-middle Triassic in Southwest Yunnan. Earth Sci., J. China Univ. Geosci. 18, 552–563.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng, Q., Yang, F., Zhang, Z., Zhang, N., Gao, Y. & Wang, Z. 2000: Radiolarian evolution during the Permian and Triassic transition in South and Southwest China. In: Yin, H. et al. (Eds.): Permian-Triassic Evolution of Tethys and Western Circum-Pacific. Dev. Palaeont. & Strat. 18, 309–326. Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng, Q., Gu, S. & Li, M. 2001: Early Triassic Radiolarians from Sangzhi, Hunan. Acta micropalaeont. sinica 18, 249–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fluteau, F., Besse, J., Broutin, J. & Ramstein, G. 2001: The Late Permian climate. What can be inferred from climate modelling concerning Pangea scenarios and Hercynian range altitude? Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 167, 39–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gall, J.C., Grauvogel-Stamm, L., Nel, A. & Papier, F. 1998: The Permian mass extinction and the Triassic recovery. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 326, 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guex, J. 1981: Associations virtuelles et discontinuités dans la distribution des espèces fossiles: un exemple intéressant. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 359, 179–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guex, J. 2001: Environmental stress and atavism in ammonoid evolution. Eclog. Geol. Helv. 94, 321–328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallam, A. 1989: The case for sea-level change as a dominant causal factor in mass extinctions of marine invertebrates. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, B325, 437–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hallam, A. & Wignall, P.B. 1997: Mass extinctions and their aftermath. 370 p., Oxford Univ. Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallam, A. & Wignall, P.B. 1999: Mass extinctions and sea-level changes. Earth-Sci. Rev. 48, 217–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heydari, E. & Hassanzadeh, J. 2003: Deev Jahi Model of the Permian-Triassic boundary mass extinction: a case for gas hydrates as the main cause of biological crisis on Earth. Sed. Geol. 163, 147–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holser, W.T. & Magaritz, M. 1992: Cretaceous/Tertiary and Permian/Triassic boundary events compared. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 3297–3309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holser, W.T., Schönlaub, H.P., Boeckelmann, K., Magaritz, M. & Orth, CJ. 1991: The Permian-Triassic of the Gartnerkofel-1 core (Carnic Alps, Austria): synthesis and conclusion. Abh. geol. Bundesanst. (Wien) 45, 213–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hori, R.S., Campbell, J.D. & Grant-Mackie, J.A. 2003: Triassic Radiolaria from Kaka Point Structural Belt, Otago, New Zealand. J. r. Soc. N. Zealand 33, 39–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isogawa, J., Aita, Y. & Sakai, T. 1998: Early Triassic radiolarians from the bedded chert in the Minowa quarry, Kuzuu Town, Tochigi Prefecture. News Osaka Micropaleont. Spec. 11, 81–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isozaki, Y. 1994: Superanoxia across the Permo-Triassic boundary; record in accreted deep-sea pelagic chert in Japan. In: Embry A.F. (Ed.): Pangea: global environments and resources. 805–812, Canad. Soc. Petrol. Geol..

    Google Scholar 

  • Isozaki, Y. 1997: Permo-Triassic boundary superanoxia and stratified superocean: records from lost deep sea. Science 276, 235–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jablonski, D. 1995: Extinction in the fossil record. In: May, R.M. & Lawton, J.H. (Eds.): Extinction rates. Oxford University Press, 25–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jablonski,. D. 1996: Mass Extinctions: Persistent problems and new directions. In: Ryder, G. et al. (Eds.): The Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and Other Catastrophes in Earth History (Snowbird III). Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper 307, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kakuwa, Y. 1996: Permian-Triassic mass extinction event recorded in bedded chert sequence in southwest Japan. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 121, 35–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamata, Y. 1995: Early Triassic radiolarians from black siliceous shale and black chert in the Kuzu area of the Ashio Terrane, central Japan. Fossils 59, 23–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamata, Y. 1999: Lower Triassic (Spathian) radiolarians from the Kuzu area (Tochigi Prefecture, central Japan). In: De Wever, P. & Caulet, J.-P. (Eds.): InterRad VIII. Geodiversita 21, 657–673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamata, Y., Matsuo, A., Takemura, A., Yamakita, S., Aita, Y., Sakai, T., Suzuki, N., Hori, R., Sakakibara, M., Fujiki, T., Ogane, K., Takemura, S., Sakamoto, S., Kodama, K., Nakamura, Y., Campbell, H.J. & Spörli, K.B. 2003: Late Induan (Dienerian) Radiolarians from Arrow rocks in the Waipapa terrane, North Island, New Zealand. In: Diserens, M.O. and Jackett, S-J. (Eds.) Interrad X Univ. Lausanne, Abstracts & Programme, 70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamo, S.L., Czamanske, G.K., Amelin, Y., Fedorenko, V.A., Davis, D.W. & Trofimov, V.R. 2003: Rapid eruption of Siberian flood-volcanic rocks and evidence for coincidence with the Permian-Triassic boundary and mass extinction at 251 Ma. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 214, 75–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, Y., Nakao, K. & Isozaki, Y 2002: Geochemistry of Late Permian to Early Triassic pelagic cherts from southwest Japan: implications for an oceanic redox change. Chemical Geology 182, 15–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kidder, D.L. & Worsley, T.R. 2004: Causes and consequences of extreme Permo-Triassic warming to globally equable climate and relation to the Permo-Triassic extinction and recovery. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 203, 207–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korte, C., Kozur, H.W., Bruckschen, P. & Veizer, J. 2003: Strontium isotope evolution of Late Permian and Triassic seawater. Geoch. Cosmoch. Acta 67, 47–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korte, C., Kozur, H.W., Joachimski, M.M., Strauss, H., Veizer, & J. Schwark, L. 2004: Carbon, sulfur, oxygen and strontium isotope records, organic geochemistry and biostratigraphy across the Permian/Triassic boundary in Abadeh, Iran. Int. J. Earth Sci. 93, 565–581.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozur, H.W. 1998: Some aspects of the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) and of the possible causes for the biotic crisis around this boundary. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 143, 227–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kozur, H.W. Extinction and recovery patterns of the radiolarians during and after the Permian-Triassic biotic crisis and its importance for the radiolarian biostratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Triassic, (this volume)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozur, H.W. & Mostler, H. 1982: Entactinaria subordo Nov., a new radiolarian suborder. Geol. Paläont. Mitt. Innsbruck 11, 399–414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozur, H.W. & Mostler, H. 1994: Anisian to middle Carnian radiolarian zonation and description of some stratigraphically important radiolarians. Geol. Paläont. Mitt. Innsbruck, Sond. 3, 39–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozur, H.W., Kaya, O. & Mostler, H. 1996: First evidence of Lower to Middle Scythian (Dienerian-Lower Olenekian) radiolarians from the Karakaya Zone of Northwestern Turkey. Geol. Paläont. Mitt. Innsbruck, Sond. 4, 271–285.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kusunoki, T. & Imoto, N. 1996: Early Triasssic (Spathian) radiolarians in the chert from southern Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture. Earth Sci., J. Assoc, geol. Coll. Japan 50, 183–187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuwahara, K. & Yao. A. 2001: Late Permian radiolarian faunal change in bedded chert of the Mino Belt, Japan. In: Takemura A. & Furutani H. (Eds.): Proceedings of the Seventh Japanese Radiolarian Symposium News Osaka Micropaleont. spec. vol. 12, 33–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leven, E.J. & Korchagin, O.A. 2001: Permian-Triassic Biotic Crisis and Foraminifers. Stratigr. geol. Correl. 9, 364–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Looy, C.V. Twitchett, R.J. Dilcher, D.L. Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert, J.H.A. Visscher, H. 2001: Life in the end-Permian dead zone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98, 7879–7883.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagai, H. & Mizutani, H. 1993: Early Triassic Radiolarians from Tsuzuya, Minokamo city, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan. Bull. Nagoya Univ. Furukawa Mus. 9, 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Dogherty, L. & Guex, J. 2002: Rates and pattern of evolution among Cre-taceous radiolarians: relations with global paleoceanographic events. In: Carter et al. (Eds.): Micropaleontology of radiolarians. Proceedings of Interrad IX. Micropaleont. 48, 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Dogherty, L., De Wever, P. & Guex, J. 2003: Is the nassellarian/spumel-larian diversity ratio a paleonvironmental proxy indicator in the geological record? In: Diserens, M.O. and Jackett, S-J. (Eds.) Interrad X Interrad 2003, Univ. Lausanne, Abstracts & Programme, 90–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rampino, M.R. & Adler, A.C. 1998: Evidence for abrupt latest Permian mass extinction of foraminifera: results of tests for the Signor-Lipps effect. Geology 26, 415–418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, W.C. & Ross, J.R.P. 1988: Late Paleozoic Transgressive-Regressive Deposition. In: Wilgus, C.K. et al. (Eds.): Sea-Level changes-An integrated approach. SEPM Special Pub. 42, 227–248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K. 1983: Lower Triassic Radiolaria from the Kanto Mountains, Central Japan. Part 1: Palaeoscenidiidae. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, new ser. 131, 168–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K. 1991: Early Triassic radiolarians from the Ogamata Formation, Kanto Mountains, central Japan, Part 2. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, new ser. 161, 681–696.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K. & Igo, H. 1992: Triassic radiolarians from a limestone exposed at Khao Chiak near Phatthalung, Southern Thailand. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, New Ser. 168, 1296–1310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., Adachi, S., Koike, T., Hisada, K.I., & Nakornsri, N. 1993: Occurrences of Paleozoic and Mesozoic radiolarians from Thailand and Malaysia and its geologic significance (preliminary report). News Osaka Micropaleont., spec. vol. 9, 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., Adachi, S., Ueno, K., Nakornsri, N. & Sardsud, A. 1998: Late Paleozoic radiolarian faunas from northern and northeastern Thailand. Sci. Rep. Inst. Geosci. Univ.Tsukuba, Sec. B: Geol. Sci. 19, 1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., Adachi, S., Ueno, K., Kajiwara, Y., Nakornsri, N. & Sardsud, A. 2000: Late Permian to Middle Triassic radiolarian faunas from Northern Thailand. J. Paleont. 74, 789–811.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheffler, K., Hoernes S. & Schwark, L. 2003: Global changes during Carboniferous-Permian glaciation of Gondwana: Linking polar and equatorial climate evolution by geochemical proxies. Geology 31, 605–608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schubert, J.K. & Bottjer, D.J. 1995: Aftermath of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction event: Paleoecology of Lower Triassic carbonates in western USA. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 116, 1–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sepkoski, J.J. Jr. 1989: Periodicity in extinction and the problem of catastrophism in the history of life. J. Geol. Soc. London 146, 7–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shang, Q., Caridroit M. & Wang, Y. 2001: Radiolarians from the Uppermost Permian Changhsingian of Southern China. Acta Micropal. Sinica 18, 229–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan P.M. 1977 Species Diversity in the Phanerozoic a Reflection of Labor by Systematists-Paleobiology 3 325–329

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, N., Isozaki, Y., Matsuda, T., Yao, J. & Ji, Z. 2004: Detailed stratigraphy across the Permo-Triassic boundary at Chaotian in Northern Sichuan, China. J. Geograph. (Tokyo) 113, 87–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama, K. 1992: Lower and Middle Triassic radiolarians from Mt. Kinkazan, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, New Ser. 167, 1180–1223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama, K. 1997: Triassic and Lower Jurassic radiolarian biostratigraphy in the siliceous claystone and bedded cherts units of the Southeastern Mino Terrane, Central Japan, Bull. Mizunami Fossil Mus. 24,79–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, N., Akiba N. & Kanoh, H. 2002: Late Olenekian radiolarians from bedded chert of Ashio Terrane, northeast Japan, and faunal turnovers in western Panthalassa during Early Triassic. J. China Univ. Geosci. 13, 124–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takemura, A., Aita, Y., Hori, R.S., Higuchi, Y., Sporli, K.B., Campbell, HJ., Kodama, K. & Sakai, T. 2002: Triassic radiolarians from the oceanfloor sequence of the Waipapa Terrane at Arrow Rocks, Northland, New Zealand. N. Zealand J. Geol. & Geophys. 45, 289–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takemura, A., Sakai, M., Yamakita, S., Kamata, Y., Aita, Y., Sakai, T., Suzuki, N., Hori, S.R., Sakakibara, M., Kodama, K., Takemura, S., Sakamoto, S., Ogane, K., Koyano, T., Satake, A., Nakamura, Y., Campbell, HJ. & Spörli, K.B. 2003: Early Triassic radiolarians from arrow rocks in the Waipapa Terrane, Northern Island, New Zealand. In: Diserens, M.O. and Jackett, S-J. (Eds.) Interrad X, Univ. Lausanne, Abstracts & Programme 106–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twitchett, R.J., Looy, C.V., Morante, R., Visscher H. & Wignall, P.B. 2001: Rapid and synchronous collapse of marine and terrestrial ecosystems during the end-Permian biotic crisis. Geology 29, 351–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Twitchett, R.J., Krystyn, L., Baud, A., Wheeley, J.R. & Richoz, S. 2004: Rapid marine recovery after the end-Permian mass-extinction event in the absence of marine anoxia. Geology 32, 805–808.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Umeda, M. 2002: Taxonomy and Diversity History of Paleozoic Radiolarians: Seven Extinction Events. Journal of Geography (Tokyo) 11, 33–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, K., Geldsetzer, H.H.J. & Krouse, H.R. 1994: Permian-Triassic extinctions: organic δ13C Evidence From British Columbia, Canada. Geology 22, 580–584.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wignall, P.B. 2001: Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions. Earth-Sci. Rev. 53, 1–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wignall, P.B. & Benton, M.J. 1999: Lazarus taxa and fossil abundances at times of biotic crisis. J. Geol. Soc. London 156, 453–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wignall, P.B. & Hallam, A. 1992: Anoxia as a cause of the Permian/Triassic mass extinction: faciès evidence from northern Italy and the western United States. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 93, 21–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wignall, P.B., Morante R. & Newton, R. 1998: The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, faciès, fauna and trace fossils. Geol. Mag. 135, 47–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Won, M. & Below, R. 1999: Cambrian Radiolaria from the Georgina Basin, Queensland, Australia. Micropaleont. 45, 325–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, A. & Kuwahara, K 1997: Radiolarian faunal change from Late Permian to Middle Triassic times. News Osaka Micropaleont. spec. vol. 10, 87–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yao, A. & Kuwahara. K. 1999: Permian and Triassic radiolarian assemblages from the Yangzi Platform. In: Yao, A. et al. (Eds.): Biotic and Geological Development of the Paleo-Tethys in China. 1–16, University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yao, A. & Kuwahara, K. 2000: Permian and Triassic radiolarians from the southern Guizhou Province, China. J. Geosci., Osaka City Univ. 43, 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Z., Feng, Q. & Shi, W. 1999: Preliminary studies of Triassic Radiolarians from Muyinhe Formation in Southwest Yunnan, China. In: Hongfu, Y. & Jinnan T. (Eds.): Pangea and the Paleozoic-Mesozoic Transition. Proceedings of the International Conference, 74–78.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 43 Rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France

    Patrick Wever

  2. Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain

    Luis O’Dogherty

  3. Paleontoloski Institut Ivana Rakovca ZRC SAZU, Novi trg 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Patrick Wever & Spela Gorican

Authors
  1. Patrick Wever
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Luis O’Dogherty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Spela Gorican
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Peter O. Baumgartner Jonathan C. Aitchison Patrick De Wever Sarah-Jane Jackett

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Swiss Geological Society

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wever, P., O’Dogherty, L., Gorican, S. (2007). The plankton turnover at the Permo-Triassic boundary, emphasis on radiolarians. In: Baumgartner, P.O., Aitchison, J.C., De Wever, P., Jackett, SJ. (eds) Radiolaria. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae Supplement, vol 2. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8344-2_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation