Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich nach einer kritischen Würdigung der grundsätzlichen Eignung von Bewegtbildern für den Wissenserwerb mit deren sinnvollem Einsatz in Lernsituationen. Ausgehend von kognitionspsychologischen und pädagogisch-psychologischen Forschungsergebnissen werden Strategien vorgestellt, wie Videos und Animationen durch Produktionstechniken (z. B. Kameraperspektive, Schnitte), Charakteristika der Darbietungssituation (z. B. Pausen) oder Methoden der Aufmerksamkeitslenkung (Cueing) für den Wissenserwerb optimiert werden können.
Literatur
Berney, S., & Bétrancourt, M. (2016). Does animation enhance learning? A meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 101, 150–167.
Bétrancourt, M., & Tversky, B. (2000). Effect of computer animation on users’ performance: A review. Le Travail Humain, 63, 311–329.
Cheon, J., Chung, S., Crooks, S. M., Song, J., & Kim, J. (2014). An investigation of the effects of different types of activities during pauses in a segmented instructional animation. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17, 296–306.
Eitel, A., & Scheiter, K. (2015). Picture or text first? Explaining sequence effects when learning with pictures and text. Educational Psychology Review, 27, 153–180.
Feierabend, S., & Klinger, W. (2003). Lehrer/-Innen und Medien 2003. Baden-Baden: Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest.
Fiorella, L., van Gog, T., Hoogerheide, V., & Mayer, R. E. (2017). It’s all a matter of perspective: Viewing first-person video modeling examples promotes learning of an assembly task. Journal of Educational Psychology, 109(5), 653–665.
Fischer, S., Lowe, R. K., & Schwan, S. (2008). Effects of presentation speed of a dynamic visualization on the understanding of a mechanical system. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22, 1126–1141.
Furnham, A., & Gunter, B. (1987). Effects of time of day and medium of presentation on immediate recall of violent and non-violent news. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1, 255–262.
Garsoffky, B., Huff, M., & Schwan, S. (2007). Changing viewpoints during dynamic events. Perception, 36(3), 366–374.
Garsoffky, B., Schwan, S., & Huff, M. (2009). Canonical views of dynamic scenes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35, 17–27.
Glaser, M., & Schwan, S. (2015). Explaining pictures: How verbal cues influence processing of pictorial learning material. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107, 1006–1018.
Glaser, M., Lengyel, D., Toulouse, C., & Schwan, S. (2017). Designing computer-based learning contents: Influence of digital zoom on attention. Educational Technology Research and Development, 65(5), 1135–1151.
Gunter, B., Furnham, A., & Leese, J. (1986). Memory for information from a party political broadcast as a function of the channel of communication. Social Behaviour, 1, 135–142.
Harp, S. F., & Mayer, R. E. (1998). How seductive details do their damage: A theory of cognitive interest in science learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 414–434.
Hasler, B. S., Kersten, B., & Sweller, J. (2007). Learner control, cognitive load and instructional animation. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 713–729.
Höffler, T. N., & Leutner, D. (2007). Instructional animation versus static pictures: A meta-analysis. Learning and Instruction, 17, 722–738.
Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach. (2013). Digitale Medien im Unterricht – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. http://www.ifd-allensbach.de/uploads/tx_studies/Digitale_Medien_2013.pdf. Zugegriffen am 13.04.2017.
Jarodzka, H., Balslev, T., Holmqvist, K., Nyström, M., Scheiter, K., Gerjets, P., & Eika, B. (2012). Conveying clinical reasoning based on visual observation via eye-movement modelling examples. Instructional Science, 40, 813–827.
Khacharem, A., Spanjers, I. E., Zoudji, B., Kalyuga, S., & Ripoll, H. (2013). Using segmentation to support the learning from animated soccer scenes: An effect of prior knowledge. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14, 154–160.
Koning, B. B. de, Tabbers, H. K., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Paas, F. (2009). Towards a framework for attention cueing in instructional animations: Guidelines for research and design. Educational Psychology Review, 21, 113–140.
Levie, W. H., & Lentz, R. (1982). Effects of text illustrations: A review of research. Educational Communication & Technology Journal, 30, 195–232.
Lowe, R. K., & Boucheix, J.-M. (2008). Learning from animated diagrams: How are mental models built? In G. Stapleton, J. Howse & J. Lee (Hrsg.), Diagrammatic representation and inference (S. 266–281). Berlin: Springer.
Lusk, D. L., Evans, A. D., Jeffrey, T. R., Palmer, K. R., Wikstrom, C. S., & Doolittle, P. E. (2009). Multimedia learning and individual differences: Mediating the effects of working memory capacity with segmentation. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40, 636–651.
Mayer, R. E., & Pilegard, C. (2014). Principles for managing essential processing in multimedia learning: Segmenting, pre-training, and modality principles. In R. E. Mayer (Hrsg.), The Cambridge Handbook of multimedia learning (S. 316–344). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Meij, H. van der, & van der Meij, J. (2013) Eight guidelines for the design of instructional videos for software training. Technical Communication, 60, 205–228.
Merkt, M., & Schwan, S. (2014). Training the use of interactive videos: Effects on mastering different tasks. Instructional Science, 42, 421–441.
Merkt, M., & Schwan, S. (2016). Lernen mit digitalen Videos: Der Einfluss einfacher interaktiver Kontrollmöglichkeiten. Psychologische Rundschau, 67, 94–101.
Merkt, M., & Sochatzy, F. (2015). Becoming aware of cinematic techniques in propaganda: Instructional support by cueing and training. Learning and Instruction, 39, 55–71.
Merkt, M., Weigand, S., Heier, A., & Schwan, S. (2011). Learning with videos vs. learning with print: The role of interactive features. Learning and Instruction, 21, 687–704.
Merkt, M., Werner, M., & Wagner, W. (2017). Historical thinking skills and mastery of multiple document tasks. Learning and Individual Differences, 54, 135–148.
Moreno, R. (2007). Optimising learning from animations by minimising cognitive load: Cognitive and affective consequences of signalling and segmentation methods. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 765–781.
Orgeron, D., Orgeron, M., & Streible, D. (2012). Learning with the lights off. Educational film in the United States. Oxford: Oxford Univeristy Press.
Pettijohn, K. A., Thompson, A. N., Tamplin, A. K., Krawietz, S. A., & Radvansky, G. A. (2016). Event boundaries and memory improvement. Cognition, 148, 136–144.
Ploetzner, R., & Lowe, R. (2012). A systematic characterization of expository animations. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 781–794.
Rey, G. D. (2012). A review of research and a meta-analysis of the seductive detail effect. Educational Research Review, 7, 216–237.
Salomon, G. (1984). Television is „easy“ and print is „tough“: The differential investment of mental effort in learning as a function of perceptions and attribution. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 647–658.
Scheiter, K., Gerjets, P., Huk, T., Imhof, B., & Kammerer, Y. (2009). The effects of realism in learning with dynamic visualizations. Learning and Instruction, 19, 481–494.
Schnotz, W., & Lowe, R. K. (Hrsg.). (2008). A unified view of learning from animated and static graphics. In Learning with animation (S. 304–356). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Schwan, S., & Garsoffky, B. (2004). The cognitive representation of filmic event summaries. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18, 3–55.
Schwan, S., & Papenmeier, F. (2017). Learning from Animations: From 2D to 3D? In R. Plötzner & R. Lowe (Hrsg.), Learning from dynamic visualizations: Innovations in research and application (S. 31–49). Berlin: Springer.
Schwan, S., & Riempp, R. (2004). The cognitive benefits of interactive videos: Learning to tie nautical knots. Learning and Instruction, 14, 293–305.
Spanjers, I. E., van Gog, T., & van Merriënboer, J. G. (2010). A theoretical analysis of how segmentation of dynamic visualizations optimizes students’ learning. Educational Psychology Review, 22, 411–423.
Spanjers, I. E., Wouters, P., van Gog, T., & van Merriënboer, J. G. (2011). An expertise reversal effect of segmentation in learning from animated worked-out examples. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 46–52.
Spanjers, I. E., van Gog, T., Wouters, P., & van Merriënboer, J. G. (2012). Explaining the segmentation effect in learning from animations: The role of pausing and temporal cueing. Computers & Education, 59, 274–280.
Tatler, B. W., & Melcher, D. (2007). Pictures in mind: Initial encoding of object properties varies with the realism of the scene stimulus. Perception, 36, 1715–1729.
Tversky, B., Morrison, J. B., & Bétrancourt, M. (2002). Animation: Can it facilitate? International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 57, 247–262.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Merkt, M., Schwan, S. (2018). Lernen mit Bewegtbildern: Videos und Animationen. In: Niegemann, H., Weinberger, A. (eds) Lernen mit Bildungstechnologien. Springer Reference Psychologie . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54373-3_32-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54373-3_32-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-54373-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-54373-3
eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Psychologie