Abstract
The concept of shell structure has been found useful in the description of semiconductor quantum dots, which today can be made so small that they contain less than 20 electrons. We review the experimental discovery of magic numbers and spin alignment following Hund’s rules in the addition spectra of vertical quantum dots, and show that these results compare well to model calculations within spin density functional theory. We further discuss the occurrence of spin density waves in quantum dots and quantum wires. For deformable two-dimensional quantum dots (for example, jellium clusters on surfaces), we study the interplay between Hund’s rules and Jahn—Teller deformations and investigate the effect of magnetic fields on the ground-state shapes.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
W. Ekardt: Phys. Rev. B 29, 1558 (1984)
W. Knight et al.: Phys. Rev, Lett. 52, 2141 (1984)
M. Brack: Rev. Mod. Phys. 65, 677 (1993)
L.P. Kouwenhoven et al.: “Electron transport in quantum dots”, in Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute on Illesoscopic Electron Transport,ed. by L.L. Sohn, L.P. Kouwenhoven, G. Schön (1997)
M.A. Kastner: Rev. Mod. Phys. 64, 849 (1992); Phys. To-clay 46, 24 (1993); R.C. Ashoori: Nature 379, 413 (1996)
M. Persson et al.: J. Phys. (Cond. Matter) 7, 3733 (1995); Physica B 194, 1273 (1994)
M. Brack, R. Bhaduri: “Semiclassical Physics”, in Frontiers in Physics, ed. by D. Pines, vol. 96 ( Addison, Reading, Massachusetts 1997 )
H. Nishioka, K. Hansen, B.R. Mottelson: Phys. Rev. B 42, 9377 (1990)
S.M. Reimann et al.: Z. Phys. B 101, 377 (1996)
S. Tarucha et al.: Phys. Rev, Lett. 77, 3613 (1996)
D. Pfannkuche, V. Gudmundsson, P.A. Maksym: Phys. Rev. B 47, 2244 (1992); P. Hawulak, D. Pfannkuche: Phys. Rev. Lett, 70, 485 (1993); P.A. Maksyrn: Phys. Rev. B 53, 10 871 (1996)
M. Koskinen, M. Manninen, SM. Reimann: Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1389 (1997)
T. Ezaki, N. Mori, C. Hamaguchi; Phys. Rev, B 56, 6428 (1997); S. Nagaraja et al.: Phys, Rev, B 56, 15 752 (1997); Iii-Ho Lee et al.: Phys. Rev. B 57, 9035 (1998);
YR. Zeng, B. Goodman, R.A. Serota: Phys, Rev. B 47, 15 660 (1992); 0. Steffens, U. Rössler, M. Suhrke: Europhys. Lett, 42, 529 (1998)
P. Hohenberg, W. Kohn: Phys. Rev. 136, 5864 (1964);
W. Kohn, L.J. Sham: Phys. Rev. 140, A1133 (1965);
U. von Barth, L. Hedin: J. Phys. C 5, 1629 (1972).
S.M. Reimann et al.: Phys. Rev. B 56, 12 147 (1997); ibid. Phys. Rev. B 58, 8111 (1998)
S. Tarucha et al.: Superlattices Microstruct, 18, 121 (1995); D.G. rusting et al.: Semicond. Sci. Technol. 11, 388 (1996)
B. Tanatar, D.M. Ceperley: Phys. Rev, B 39, 5005 (1989)
M. Ferconi, G. Vignale: Phys. Rev. B 50, 14 722 (1994); V. Gudruundsson, J.J. Palacios: Phys. Rev. B 52, 11 266 (1995); M.I. Lubin, O. Heinonen, M.D. Johnson; Phys. Rev. B 56, 10 373 (1997); Q. Heinonen, J.M. Kinaret, M.D. Johnson: [Cond-Mat/977121681; M. Pi et al.: Phys. Rev. B 57, 14 783 (1998)
The deviations at N = 14 and around N = 20 might generally be due to deformation of the quantum dot, which already for very small distortions changes the shell structure for larger N considerably
A.W. Overhauser: Phys.:Rev. Lett. 4, 462 (1960); Phys, Rev. 128,1437 (1962); Phys. Rev. 167, 691 (1968)
S. Tarucha et al.: Jpn. J. Appl, Plays, 36, 3917 (1997)
K.J. Thomas et al.: Phys, Rev. Lett. 77, 135 (1996)
C.-K. Wang, K.-F. Berggren: Phys, Rev. B 57, 4. 552 (1998)
N. Zabala, M.J. Puska, R.M. Nierninen: Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3336 (1998)
H. Brune: Surf. Sci. Rep. 31, 121 (1998)
M.Y. Lai, Y.L. Wang: Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 164 (1998)
G. Vignale, M. Rasait: Phys. Rev. B 37, 10 685 (1988)
M. Koskinen et al.: contribution to these proceedings
A.H. McDonald, S.-R. Eric Yang, M.D. Johnson: Austr. J. Phys. 46, 345 (1993)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this paper
Cite this paper
Reimann, S.M., Koskinen, M., Kolehmainen, J., Manninen, M., Austing, D.G., Tarucha, S. (1999). Electronic and magnetic structure of artificial atoms. In: Châtelain, A., Bonard, JM. (eds) The European Physical Journal D. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88188-6_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88188-6_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-88190-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-88188-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive