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The In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrovasodilators and Their Conversion into Vasoactive Species

  • Conference paper
Heart Failure Mechanisms and Management

Abstract

Despite the extensive therapeutic use of nitrovasodilators and a good knowledge of the hemodynamic alterations that lead to improved myocardial performance, until recently surprisingly few data were available concerning their mode of action at the molecular level. It is now well documented that the pharma codynamic action of these compounds is mediated by the activation of the soluble isoenzyme of guanylate cyclase (sGC; E.C. 4.6.1.2). Relaxation studies with isolated vessel preparations revealed the involvement of at least two independent mechanisms of sGC stimulation: one is an indirect endothelium-related process and the second leads to sGC stimulation on bypassing the endothelium-dependent process. Acetylcholine, ATP, and bradykinin, for example, have a vasodilatory effect only in the presence of an intact endothelial layer while nitrovasodilators such as nitrite (NO2 -), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) are relaxant agents in any case. That is why the existence of a humoral endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) which mediates sGC activation by the endothelium-dependent vasodilators had been postulated. The subsequent rise in cytosolic cGMP concentration induces a complex cascade of protein phosphorylations, finally resulting in smooth muscle relaxation [12,34].

This work was in part supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 242. coronary heart disease. Düsseldorf) and by a scholarship from SK D. Göttingen, FRG.

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Authors
  1. M. Feelisch
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  2. E. Noack
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Hospital, 34362, Haifa, Israel

    Basil S. Lewis MD (Director) (Director)

  2. University of California, Los Angeles, USA

    Asher Kimchi MD (Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Attending Physician) (Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Attending Physician)

  3. Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Asher Kimchi MD (Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Attending Physician) (Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Attending Physician)

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Feelisch, M., Noack, E. (1991). The In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrovasodilators and Their Conversion into Vasoactive Species. In: Lewis, B.S., Kimchi, A. (eds) Heart Failure Mechanisms and Management. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58231-8_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58231-8_25

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63509-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58231-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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