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Functional Imaging of Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Functional Imaging in Oncology

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Abstract

In this chapter, we review the role of functional imaging mainly in the major challenges related to renal masses. The first challenge is the histological differentiation of renal masses, while the second is the prognosis and monitoring of antiangiogenic targeted therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Apparent diffusion coefficient

AML:

Angiomyolipoma

ASL:

Arterial spin labelling

AUC:

Area under the curve

BF:

Blood flow

BOLD:

Blood oxygenation level dependent

BV:

Blood volume

ccRCC:

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma

CEUS:

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

CT:

Computed tomography

D :

Perfusion-free diffusion

DCE:

Dynamic contrast enhanced

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted imaging

EPI-STAR:

echo-planar imaging and signal targeting with alternating radio-frequency

f :

Perfusion fraction

FDG:

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose

FLT:

18F-fluorothymidine

FMISO:

18F-fluoromisonidazole

GLUT-1:

Glucose transporter 1

HIF:

Hypoxia-inducible factor alfa

HU:

Hounsfield units

124 I-cG250 :

Girentuximab

IVIM:

Intravoxel incoherent motion

Ktrans :

Transfer rate of the blood from the vessels to the extravascular-extracellular space

MR:

Magnetic resonance

mRCC:

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma

MRS:

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors

MTT:

Mean transit time

MVD:

Microvessel density

OS:

Overall survival

PET/CT:

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography

PFS:

Progression-free survival

pRCC:

Papillary renal cell carcinoma

RCC:

Renal cell carcinoma

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic

ROI:

Region of interest

SI:

Signal intensity

SS EPI:

Single-shot echo-planar imaging

TCC:

Transitional cell carcinoma

TIC:

Time-intensity curves

TKIs:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

US:

Ultrasound

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VHL:

von Hippel–Lindau

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology Department, CDI, Hospital Clínic, C/ Villarroel 170, Barcelona, 08036, Spain

    Carmen Sebastià MD

  2. Health Time Group, Jaén, Spain

    Antonio Luna (Chief of MRI)

  3. Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Antonio Luna (Chief of MRI)

  4. Department of Nuclear Medicine, CDI, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain

    Pilar Paredes

  5. Radiology Department, CDI, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain

    Carlos Nicolau

Authors
  1. Carmen Sebastià MD
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  2. Antonio Luna
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  3. Pilar Paredes
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  4. Carlos Nicolau
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Correspondence to Carmen Sebastià MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Health Time Group, Jaén, Spain

    Antonio Luna

  2. Clinica Girona Hospital Sta. Caterina, Gerona, Spain

    Joan C. Vilanova

  3. CDPI and IRM, Botafongo - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil

    L. Celso Hygino Da Cruz Jr.

  4. Centro de Diagnóstico Dr. Enrique Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Santiago E. Rossi

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Sebastià, C., Luna, A., Paredes, P., Nicolau, C. (2014). Functional Imaging of Renal Cell Carcinoma. In: Luna, A., Vilanova, J., Hygino Da Cruz Jr., L., Rossi, S. (eds) Functional Imaging in Oncology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40582-2_23

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