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Roles of MicroRNAs in the Life Cycles of Mammalian Viruses

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Intrinsic Immunity

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 371))

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs expressed by plants, animals, and some viruses. miRNAs generally function as part of miRNA-induced silencing complexes to modestly repress mRNAs with imperfect sequence complementarity. Over the last years, many different roles of miRNA mediated regulation in the life cycles of mammalian viruses have been uncovered. In this chapter, I will mainly explore four different examples of how cellular miRNAs interact with viruses: the role of miR-155 in viral oncogenesis, viral strategies to eliminate cellular miR-27, the contribution of miR-122 to the replication of hepatitis C virus, and miRNAs as an experimental tool to control virus replication and vector transgene expression. In the final part of this chapter, I will give a brief overview of virally encoded microRNAs.

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Acknowledgments

EG would like to thank Judith Gottwein, Mark Manzano, and Eleonora Forte for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Zell Family Foundation and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Zell Family Foundation and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center.

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  1. Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Eva Gottwein

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  1. Center for Virology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Mic, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive 213, Durham, 27710, North Carolina, USA

    Bryan R. Cullen

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Gottwein, E. (2013). Roles of MicroRNAs in the Life Cycles of Mammalian Viruses. In: Cullen, B. (eds) Intrinsic Immunity. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 371. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37765-5_8

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