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Weighing

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Balances

Abstract

The different weighing methods are reviewed. Three methods of direct weighing may be distinguished: weighing in the gravitational field, measurement of the impulse of an accelerated sample, and measurement of the frequency shift of an oscillating sample. Two basic interactions are applied for weighing: gravitation and electromagnetism. Three types of gravitational balances are used: lever balance, spring balance, electromagnetic or electrostatic balance. Parameters characterising a balance and their determination are described in detail. Adjustment of balances, consideration of influences on weighing, error estimate and its elimination are presented. Advantages of substitution and transposition weighing are discussed. Damping devices and methods for speeding up weighing are presented. A survey is given on standardisation method. The limits of weighing are summarised.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uniwersytet Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Lublin, Poland

    Erich Robens

  2. Battelle-Institut e.V., Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Erich Robens

  3. Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany

    Erich Robens

  4. School of Science & Engineering, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK

    Shanath Amarasiri A. Jayaweera

  5. Kern & Sohn GmbH, Balingen, Germany

    Susanne Kiefer

  6. Philipp-Matthäus-Hahn Museum, Albstadt-Onstmettingen, Germany

    Susanne Kiefer

Authors
  1. Erich Robens
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  2. Shanath Amarasiri A. Jayaweera
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  3. Susanne Kiefer
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Robens, E., Jayaweera, S.A.A., Kiefer, S. (2014). Weighing. In: Balances. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36447-1_3

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