Skip to main content

Exposure Analysis for Indoor Contaminants

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
  • 252 Accesses

Abstract

Due to changes in living and working habits, most individuals spend about 80–90% of their time in public and private indoor environments. Those offer a broad diversity of pollution situations. Several hundred of very volatile, volatile, semi-volatile, and particular organic matter (VVOCs, VOCs, SVOCs, and POMs) can be detected in indoor air. Emitting from construction materials (e.g., floorings, paints, furniture, joints), consumer products (electrical and electronic devices), as well as cleaning products, they are one of the determining factors for indoor air quality (IAQ). The wide variety of pollutants, exposure levels, differences in sensitivity, as well as different cultural habits and ways of living complicate the assessment of risk. In a variety of reports, indoor air pollutants have been associated with health problems. Therefore, it must be of special interest to obtain reliable data to assess the IAQ. The basis for reliable and comparable data is given by a series of international and national standards for the sampling and determination of volatile (VOC) and semi-volatile (SVOC) organic compounds in indoor air.

Gerhard Volland retired in 2014.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Anses (Agence national de scurite sanitaire alimentation, environment, travail) Proposition de valeurs guides de qualite D’air interieur Avis de l’Anses Raport d’expertise collective Avril 2011 Edition scientifique. http://www.anses.fr/ET/PPN8F48.htm

  • Bekanntmachungen des Umweltbundesamtes – Beurteilung von Innenraumluftkontaminationen mittels Referenz- und Richtwerten Handreichung der Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe der Innenraumlufthygiene-Kommission des Umweltbundesamtes und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden Bundesgesundheitsbl-Gesundheitsforsch-Gesundheitsschutz (2007) 50:990–1005

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruno P, Caselli G, de Gennaro G, Iacobellis S, Tutiono M (2008) Monitoring of volatile organic compounds in non-residential environments. Indoor Air 18:250–256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COMEAP (Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants) (2004) Guidance on the effects on health of indoor air pollutants. http://www.comeap.org.uk/documents/reports/85-indoor-air-pollutants.html

  • Edwards RD, Schweizer C, Jantunen M, Lai HK, Bayer-Oglesby L, Katsouyanni K, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Saarela K, Sram R, Künzli N (2005) Personal exposure to VOC in the upper end of the distribution-relationships to indoor, outdoor and workplace concentrations. Atmos Environ 39:2299–2307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EPA compendium of methods for the determination of air pollutants in indoor air – U.S. EPA PB 90–200288 (1990) volume 1 and 2 [IP-1B VOC Solid Adsorbent Tubes; IP 6 Formaldehyde and other Aldehydes; IP-7 B(a)P and other PAH; IP-8 Organochlorine Pesticides] – [Indoor Air Monitoring Methods – California Air Resources Board]. http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/indoor/methods.htm

  • EPA compendium of methods for the determination of toxic organic compounds in ambient air – Second edition – EPA/625/IR-96/0-10b January 1999 – [TO-1 VOC – Tenax; TO 2 VOC Caron molecular sieve; TO-4A Pesticides, PCB; TO-5 Aldehydes and Ketones; TO-8 Phenol and Cresols; TO 9A Polyhaloginated Dioxins and Furans; TO 10A Pesticides, PCB; TO-11A Formaldehyde; TO 13A Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons; TO 17 VOC – sorbent tubes]. http://www.epa.gov/ttnamti1/files/ambient/airtox/tocomp99.pdf

  • EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Indoor air pollution – an introduction for health professionals. http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/hpguide.html

  • EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2007) The testing of indoor air quality section 01 81 09. http://www.epa.gov/rtp/campus/environmental/018109.pdf

  • Hansen D, Volland G, Krause G, Zöltzer D (2001) Bestimmung und Vorkommen von phosphororganischen Verbindungen in Hausstaub und Raumluft. Gefahrstoffe Reinhalt Luft 61:S13–S17

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann H, Plieninger P (2008) Bereitstellung einer Datenbank zum Vorkommen von flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen in der Raumluft WaBoLu Hefte 05/08. Umweltbundesamt Dessau

    Google Scholar 

  • Krause C et al (1991) Umweltsurvey Band IIIC Wohn-Innenraum: Raumluft WaBoLu Hefte 4/1991. Institut für Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment) (2012) Acute, 8-hour and chronic reference levels (chRELs), February 2012. http://oehha.ca.gov/air/allrels.html

  • Salthammer T (ed) (1999) Organic indoor air pollutants – occurrence, measurement, evaluation. Wiley VCH, Weinheim (Federal Republic of Germany). ISBN 3-527-29622

    Google Scholar 

  • Schleibinger H, Hott U, Marchl D, Braun P, Plieninger P, Rüden H (2001) VOC-Konzentrationen in Innenräumen des Großraums Berlin im Zeitraum von 1988 bis 1999. Gefahrstoffe Reinhalt Luft 61(1/2):26–38

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uhde E, Salthammer T (2007) Impact of reaction products from building materials and furnishings on indoor air quality – a review of recent advances in indoor chemistry. Atmos Environ 41:3111–3128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volland G, Neuwirth A, Hansen D, Krause G, Zöltzer D (2006) Dioxinähnliche polychlorierte Biphenyle (PCB) und polychlorierte Dibenzodioxine/Furane (PCDD/F) in Raumluft und Hausstaub –Einfluss PCB-belasteter Bauteile in Abhängigkeit von baulichen und klimatischen Randbedingungen. Gefahrstoffe Reinhalt Luft 66(3):99–106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volland G, Gabrio T, Wodarz R, Hansen D, Mann V, Hildenbrand S (2010) Einfluss von Di(2-ethylhexyl)Phthalat (DEHP) in Hausstaub und Innenraumluft auf die tägliche DEHP-Aufnahme. Gefahrstoffe Reinhalt Luft 70(3 März):83–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (World Health Organisation Regional Office for Europe) (2000) Air quality guidelines for Europe. WHO regional publications European series no 91, 2nd edn. ISBN 1358 3

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (World Health Organisation Regional Office for Europe) (2010) Air quality guidelines for indoor air quality – selected pollutants. WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn Office. ISBN 978 02 890 02134

    Google Scholar 

  • Zellweger C, Hill M, Gehrig R, Hofer P (1997) Schadstoffemissionsverhalten von Baustoffen, Methodik und Resultate. EMPA Abt. Luftfremdstoffe/Umwelttechnik im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Energie

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gerhard Volland .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Volland, G. (2020). Exposure Analysis for Indoor Contaminants. In: Reichl, FX., Schwenk, M. (eds) Regulatory Toxicology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36206-4_50-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36206-4_50-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-36206-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-36206-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics