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Swimming Physiology of Fish pp 129–159Cite as

The Effect of Hypoxia on Fish Swimming Performance and Behaviour

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Abstract

Oxygen depletion, hypoxia, can be a common stressor in aquatic habitats, including aquaculture. Hypoxia limits aerobic swimming performance in fish, by limiting their aerobic metabolic scope. Hypoxia also elicits changes in spontaneous swimming activity, typically causing a decrease in swimming speed in sedentary species and an increase in active species. However, fish do have the capacity to avoid hypoxia and actively choose well-oxygenated areas. Hypoxia causes differences in fish behaviour in schools, it may reduce school density and size and influence activities such as shuffling within schools. Hypoxia also influences predator–prey interactions, in particular by reducing fast-start performance. Thus, through effects on swimming, hypoxia can have profound effects on species distributions in the field. In aquaculture, effects of hypoxia may be particularly significant in sea cages. It is therefore important to understand the nature and thresholds of effects of hypoxia on swimming activity to extrapolate to potential impacts on fish in aquaculture.

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Acknowledgements

PD received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No. 266445 for the project Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on Economic Sectors (VECTORS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR-IAMC Loc. Sa Mardini, Torregrande, Oristano, Italy

    P. Domenici

  2. Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand

    N. A. Herbert

  3. UMR 6250 LIENSS (CNRS-University of La Rochelle), 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France

    C. Lefrançois

  4. Marine Biological Laboratory, Biological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark

    J. F. Steffensen

  5. UMR 5119 Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon cc 093, Montpellier cedex 5, 34095, Montpellier, France

    D. J. McKenzie

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  3. C. Lefrançois
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  4. J. F. Steffensen
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  5. D. J. McKenzie
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Domenici .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center, The Institute for Marine Resources, Wageningen University and Research, Korringaweg 5, Yerseke, 4401 NT, Netherlands

    Arjan P. Palstra

  2. , Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, Barcelona, 08028, Spain

    Josep V. Planas

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Domenici, P., Herbert, N.A., Lefrançois, C., Steffensen, J.F., McKenzie, D.J. (2013). The Effect of Hypoxia on Fish Swimming Performance and Behaviour. In: Palstra, A., Planas, J. (eds) Swimming Physiology of Fish. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31049-2_6

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