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Special Civil Law as a Sign of Political Identity: A Constitutional Approach to the Case of the Valencian Community

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The Ways of Federalism in Western Countries and the Horizons of Territorial Autonomy in Spain

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Abstract

We seek to clarify the political terminology and meaning of what is contained in the Valencian Statute in the light of the (far more developed and diverse) doctrinal and jurisprudential contributions to arise from the demands of other autonomous communities. This is necessary after the 2006 reform of the Valencian Statute, due to the tendency towards historical law evident therein, and is also essential if progress is to be made towards the constitutional reform that will bring to a close the evolution of the Autonomous State into an ordered Federal State.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For all of these, and the Valencian perspective, Vivancos Comes (2005).

  2. 2.

    Vivancos Comes (2005), p. 229 et seq.

  3. 3.

    With very few exceptions: see Mayol (2003), pp. 291–295.

  4. 4.

    Izquierdo Tolsada (2007), pp. 331–381.

  5. 5.

    Ragel Sanchez (2005) (p. 13) expressly refers to the text of the Valencian Statute in the following terms: “The aim is now to include a reference to historical law (Derecho Foral) and to remove the word “civil”. Yet, when regulating the exclusive legislative power of the Catalonian Regional Government, the Statute of Catalonia makes clear reference to the “preservation, modification and implementation of Catalonian civil law”, without restricting itself to what it is considered Catalonian civil historical law. We feel the term “civil” to be more appropriate than “historical” (foral), although we also feel the best expression to be “own civil” or “special civil”.

  6. 6.

    Montes Penades (2007), pp. 261 et seq.

  7. 7.

    Thus, and in various notes, reference is made to Peset Reig (1972, p. 657 et seq.) or in note 20 to Simo Santonja (1979).

  8. 8.

    Montes Rodríguez (2008).

  9. 9.

    Ballarin Hernandez (2010), pp. 18–19.

  10. 10.

    Domínguez Calatayud (2004); Blasco Gasco and Clemente Meoro (1989), p. 117 et seq.

  11. 11.

    Blasco Gascó (2011), p. 22 or López Beltrán de Heredia (2000), p. 64.

  12. 12.

    Also put forward in other areas, such as Arechederra Aranzadi (1992), pp. 491–511, particularly p. 498.

  13. 13.

    Bataller Ruiz, p. 7.

  14. 14.

    Sanchez Ferriz (2008), pp. 14–35.

  15. 15.

    By everybody, Ortega, Luis, Reforma constitucional y…, already cited. In the same critical sense with the “centrifuge” method used in Spain, most of the doctrine may be cited. One example that may be cited is Corcuera Atienza (2009), p. 70.

  16. 16.

    Cf. Ragel Sanchez (2005) p. 3 et seq, Blasco Gasco (2011, p. 23), or Moliner Navarro (2007), p. 364.

  17. 17.

    Herrero de Miñon (1998), p. 54 et seq.

  18. 18.

    Montes Penades (2007), pp. 281–82.

  19. 19.

    Herrero de Miñón (2009), pp. 4–12.

  20. 20.

    García Pelayo (1991), p. 3171 et seq.

  21. 21.

    Cf. Tajadura Tejada (2009), pp. 147–174, particularly 168, et seq.

  22. 22.

    Tomás y Valiente (1995).

  23. 23.

    Clavero Salvador (1982).

  24. 24.

    Thus expressed by Solozábal Echavarria (1998), Corcuera Atienza and García Herrera (2002). A well-rounded summary of the varying doctrinal positions concerning the famous First Additional Provision may be consulted in Tudela Aranda (2009), p. 63 et seq.

  25. 25.

    Corcuera Atienza (1985), pp. 55–89.

  26. 26.

    Ibidem, p. 56.

  27. 27.

    Ibidem, p. 76: “la autonomía aparece como superación de la foralidad y la foralidad como resistencia –o, al menos, reticencia- ante la autonomía…”

  28. 28.

    Sainz Arnaiz (2004), p. 53, or Tudela Aranda (2009) p. 78.

  29. 29.

    Tudela Aranda (2009), p. 72 et seq.

  30. 30.

    Sevilla et al. (2009), p. 184 et seq. and pp. 209–210.

  31. 31.

    Today, quite a number of Catalonian jurists continue to defend the application of the First Additional Provision of the Spanish Constitution. For instance, Vernet i Llobet et al. (2011), p. 125 et seq.

  32. 32.

    López Basaguren (2007), p. 5 et seq., in which he develops the “overflowing of the dispositive principle”.

  33. 33.

    Tudela Aranda (2009), p. 589, cit.

  34. 34.

    Torres del Moral (2007–2008), pp. 55–79.

  35. 35.

    Cf. Tajadura Tejada (2008), pp. 137–192.

  36. 36.

    Tajadura Tejada (2009), p. 172, cit.

  37. 37.

    For all, Vernet (2011), p. 127, op. cit.

  38. 38.

    Blasco Gascó (2011), p. 22.

  39. 39.

    Aparicio Perez (2002) (pp. 29–57).

  40. 40.

    López Basaguren (2007), p. 16, cit.

  41. 41.

    The term civil, which appeared in the final text, did not form part of the proposal.

  42. 42.

    We should also perhaps recall that, on this occasion, the proposal stressed more the term historical (foral) when referring to “historical and Valencian Law”.

  43. 43.

    An interesting remark concerning constitutional court ruling 88/93 with the doctrine on the term “implementation” and its eventual application to the Region of Valencia, in Montes Penades (2007), p. 294 cit., et seq.

  44. 44.

    Blasco Gascó (2011), p. 24.

  45. 45.

    It has, however, been justified as one of the many ways of avoiding open confrontation between Constitution and Statutes. Cf. López Basaguren (2007), p. 4 cit.

  46. 46.

    Logendio Irure (1985).

  47. 47.

    Rey Martinez (2006), pp. 69–102.

  48. 48.

    Ibid, p. 91.

  49. 49.

    For all of them, see Tudela Aranda (2009), p. 91, cit.

  50. 50.

    Rey Martinez (2006), p. 85, cit.

  51. 51.

    The idea had also been defended with regard to the Basque Country by, amongst others, Tomás y Valiente (1979), p. 28. The author referred to the second part of the First Additional Provision of the Spanish Constitution in the following terms: “This clarification underlines the principle of constitutional supremacy; such that updating both historical rights inherited from the past and in force today as well as the drafting of completely new rules, valid in “historical territories” or even in potential future autonomous communities which may not have enjoyed a special or historical legal system … shall always be carried out by applying the stipulations laid down in the corresponding Statutes of Autonomy, which in turn should always be understood within the terms of the present Constitution”.

  52. 52.

    It sets out the following: “self-government in Catalonia is also based on the historical rights of the Catalonian people, its secular institutions and on Catalonian legal tradition, which the present Statute incorporates and updates under article 2, the second transitory provision and other precepts of the Constitution”.

  53. 53.

    Sainz Arnaiz (2004), p. 53 et seq.

  54. 54.

    Ragel Sanchez (2005), p. 3.

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  1. Campus dels Tarongers, Edificio Departamental Occidental, University of Valencia, Av. dels Tarongers s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    Remedio Sánchez Ferriz

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  1. , Fac. Social Sciences and Communication, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa - Bizkaia, 48940, Spain

    Alberto López - Basaguren

  2. , Fac. Social Sciences and Communication, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa - Bizkaia, 48940, Spain

    Leire Escajedo San Epifanio

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Ferriz, R.S. (2013). Special Civil Law as a Sign of Political Identity: A Constitutional Approach to the Case of the Valencian Community. In: López - Basaguren, A., Escajedo San Epifanio, L. (eds) The Ways of Federalism in Western Countries and the Horizons of Territorial Autonomy in Spain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27717-7_29

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