Abstract
In Chap. 1 we have shown that the interaction of electrons with an electromagnetic wave is possible even when the phase velocity of the latter is larger than \( c \), provided that there is a way to conserve simultaneously both energy and momentum. In a free-electron laser (FEL) this is facilitated by the presence of a periodic magnetic field. In most cases, the components of this field are transverse to the initial velocity of the electron. An electron injected in a periodic magnetic field (wiggler) oscillates and, as a result, it emits radiation.
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Schächter, L. (2011). Free-Electron Laser. In: Beam-Wave Interaction in Periodic and Quasi-Periodic Structures. Particle Acceleration and Detection. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19848-9_7
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