Skip to main content

Detection of Computer-Generated Papers Using One-Class SVM and Cluster Approaches

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition (MLDM 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 10935))

Abstract

The paper presents a novel methodology intended to distinguish between real and artificially generated manuscripts. The approach employs inherent differences between the human and artificially generated wring styles. Taking into account the nature of the generation process, we suggest that the human style is essentially more “diverse” and “rich” in comparison with an artificial one. In order to assess dissimilarities between fake and real papers, a distance between writing styles is evaluated via the dynamic dissimilarity methodology. From this standpoint, the generated papers are much similar in their own style and significantly differ from the human written documents. A set of fake documents is captured as the training data so that a real document is expected to appear as an outlier in relation to this collection. Thus, we analyze the proposed task in the context of the one-class classification using a one-class SVM approach compared with a clustering base procedure. The provided numerical experiments demonstrate very high ability of the proposed methodology to recognize artificially generated papers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Lavoie, A., Krishnamoorthy, M.: Algorithmic detection of computer generated text. arXiv:1008.0706, August 2010

  2. Labbe, C., Labbe, D.: Duplicate and fake publications in the scientific literature: how many SCIgen papers in computer science? Scientometrics 94(1), 379–396 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fahrenberg, U., et al.: Measuring global similarity between texts. In: Besacier, L., Dediu, A.-H., Martín-Vide, C. (eds.) SLSP 2014. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 8791, pp. 220–232. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11397-5_17

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Xiong, J., Huang, T.: An effective method to identify machine automatically generated paper. In: Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Software Engineering, KESE 2009, pp. 101–102. IEEE (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dalkilic, M.M., Clark, W.T., Costello, J.C., Radivojac, P.: Using compression to identify classes of inauthentic texts. In: Proceedings of the 2006 SIAM Conference on Data Mining (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Amancio, D.R.: Comparing the topological properties of real and artificially generated scientific manuscripts. Scientometrics 105(3), 1763–1779 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Williams, K., Giles, C.L.: On the use of similarity search to detect fake scientific papers. In: Amato, G., Connor, R., Falchi, F., Gennaro, C. (eds.) SISAP 2015. LNCS, vol. 9371, pp. 332–338. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25087-8_32

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Nguyen, M.T., Labbe, C.: Engineering a tool to detect automatically generated papers. In: Mayr, P., Frommholz, I., Cabanac, G. (eds.) BIR@ECIR, ser. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 1567, pp. 54–62. CEURWS.org (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Volkovich, Z., Granichin, O., Redkin, O., Bernikova, O.: Modeling and visualization of media in Arabic. J. Informetr. 10(2), 439–453 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Volkovich, Z.: A time series model of the writing process. In: Perner, P. (ed.) Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9729, pp. 128–142. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41920-6_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Volkovich, Z., Avros, R.: Text classification using a novel time series based methodology. In: 20th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, KES 2016, York, United Kingdom, 5–7 September 2016 (2016). Procedia Comput. Sci. 96, 53–62 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Korenblat, K., Volkovich, Z.: Approach for identification of artificially generated texts. In: HUSO 2017: In the Third International Conference on Human and Social Analytics (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Amelin, K., Granichin, O., Kizhaeva, N., Volkovich, Z.: Patterning of writing style evolution by means of dynamic similarity. Pattern Recogn. 77, 45–64 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kendall, M.G., Gibbons, J.D.: Rank Correlation Methods. Edward Arnold, London (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Schölkopf, B., Williamson, R., Smola, A., Shawe-Taylor, J., Platt, J.: Support vector method for novelty detection. In: Solla, S.A., Leen, T.K., Müller, K. (eds.) Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 1999), pp. 582–588. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Harmer, J.: How to Teach Writing. Pearson Education, Delhi (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. www.arXiv.org/archive/cs. Accessed 2 July 2017

  18. Juola, P.: Authorship attribution. Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 33–334 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Binongo, J.: Who wrote the 15th book of Oz? An application of multivariate analysis to authorship attribution. Chance 6(2), 9–17 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Hughes, J.M., Foti, N.J., Krakauer, D.C., Rockmore, D.N.: Quantitative patterns of stylistic influence in the evolution of literature. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109, 7682–7686 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zeev Volkovich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Avros, R., Volkovich, Z. (2018). Detection of Computer-Generated Papers Using One-Class SVM and Cluster Approaches. In: Perner, P. (eds) Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition. MLDM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10935. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96133-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96133-0_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-96132-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-96133-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics