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Polymer Scaffolds for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Functional Biopolymers

Part of the book series: Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series ((POPOC))

  • 341 Accesses

Abstract

There is a clear clinical need to generate effective tissue engineered anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) for reconstructive surgery. A variety of polymeric materials, scaffold designs, cell sources, and bioreactor conditions have been explored for this purpose. It is the objective of this chapter to introduce the structure and function of a healthy anterior cruciate ligament, outline the desirable properties of an effective tissue engineering approach, and review the current directions in generating an effective replacement tissue through rationale choice of scaffold design and material, cell source, and culture conditions. While significant progress has been made, and a greater understanding of the challenges involved has been gained, there has yet to be a replacement tissue engineered ACL suitable for clinical translation.

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Abbreviations

ACL:

Anterior cruciate ligament

ACLFs:

ACL fibroblasts

ASC:

Adipose-derived stem/stromal cell

BMSC:

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

GRGDS:

Glycine-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine amino acid sequence

IKVAV:

Isoleucine-lysine-valine-alanine-valine amino acid sequence

MCL:

Medial collateral ligament

MGC:

N-methacrylated glycol chitosan

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

PCL:

Poly(ε-caprolactone)

PCLDLLA:

Poly(ε-caprolactone-co-D,L-lactide)

PDLL:

Poly(D,L-lactide)

PEGDA:

Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate

PG:

Poly(glycolide)

PL:

Poly(lactide)

PLCL:

Poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)

PLL:

Poly(L-lactide)

RGD:

Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid amino acid sequence

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

    Fiona Serack, Nathaniel Holwell & Brian G. Amsden

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  1. Fiona Serack
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  2. Nathaniel Holwell
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  3. Brian G. Amsden
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Correspondence to Brian G. Amsden .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    Heather Sheardown

  3. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Amir Al-Ahmed

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Serack, F., Holwell, N., Amsden, B.G. (2018). Polymer Scaffolds for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering. In: Jafar Mazumder, M., Sheardown, H., Al-Ahmed, A. (eds) Functional Biopolymers. Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92066-5_14-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92066-5_14-1

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