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Cell Surface Engineering

  • Living reference work entry
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Book cover Functional Biopolymers

Part of the book series: Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series ((POPOC))

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Abstract

Recent preclinical studies demonstrated the use of engineered cells as a potential way to treat many diseases and disorders. Tailoring the cell’s function and interactions using surface engineering methods is a very promising approach in developing novel cell-based therapeutics. For instance, cell surface modification has been used for the development of universal blood donor cells. In another example, it has been shown that surface modification of stem cells is a doable approach to regulate the fate of cells into specific phenotypes, which is necessary to regain function in specific environment such as different injury sites. Cell surface engineering using macromolecules/polymers could provide desired properties and functions to cells for applications in targeted delivery, biosensing, transfection, imaging techniques, and in the regulation of cell fate. This chapter will review the recent advancements in polymer-based cell surface engineering approaches for various applications. In terms of the cell types, we have chosen to focus, specifically, on red blood cells, lymphocytes, splenocytes, stem cells (multipotent and pluripotent), islet cells, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes as they offer the most promise in generating cell-based therapeutics. In terms of modification approaches, we mainly highlighted the literature associated with the use synthetic polymers via covalent conjugation and non-covalent bonding. We also discuss the future of such cell surface engineering methods for their potential clinical utility.

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Abbreviations

AL:

Alginate

BAEC:

Bovine aortic endothelial cells

BNHS:

Biotin N-hydroxysuccinimidyl

CAM:

Cell adhesion molecules

CH-PC:

Chitosan-graft-phosphorylcholine

CNS:

Central nervous system

CP:

Choline phosphate

DMPE:

1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylethanolamine

EC:

Endothelial cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

FGF2:

Fibroblast growth factor 2

GAGs:

Glycosaminoglycans

HPGs:

Hyperbranched polyglycerols

HS:

Heparan sulfate

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

HTPs:

HaloTag proteins

ICAM-1:

Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1

IPSC:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LbL:

Layer-by-layer

Mal-Phe-PEG:

Maleimidophenyl-PEG

m-PEG:

Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

neoPGs:

Neoproteoglycans

NHS:

N-hydroxysuccinimidyl

NSCs:

Neural stem cells

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PEI:

Poly(ethyleneimine)

PEM:

Polyelectrolyte multilayer film

PLL:

Poly-l-lysine

PLL-PEG:

Poly-l-lysine-graft-polyethylene glycol

PMNs:

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

PPG:

Palmitated protein G

PSCs:

Pluripotent stem cells

PVA:

Poly(vinyl alcohol)

RBCs:

Red blood cells

SDF-1:

Stromal-derived factor-1

SLeX:

Sialyl-Lewisx

SS:

Succinimidyl succinate

VCAM:

Vascular endothelial adhesion molecule

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the funding by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada to JNK. JNK holds a Career Investigator Scholar award from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Srinivas Abbina, Nima Khadem Mohtaram & Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu

  2. Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Srinivas Abbina, Nima Khadem Mohtaram & Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu

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  1. Srinivas Abbina
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  2. Nima Khadem Mohtaram
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  3. Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
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Correspondence to Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu .

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  1. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Heather Sheardown

  3. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Amir Al-Ahmed

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Abbina, S., Mohtaram, N.K., Kizhakkedathu, J.N. (2018). Cell Surface Engineering. In: Jafar Mazumder, M., Sheardown, H., Al-Ahmed, A. (eds) Functional Biopolymers. Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92066-5_12-1

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