Abstract
This chapter contributes to the scientific research on cultural marketing, by analyzing the application of the experience-based approach to the management of cultural heritage and museums. After discussing some of the main marketing innovations of the last 20 years, the multidimensionality of the museum experience is examined in depth, with a focus on the increasing role of co-production and co-creation of value. Particularly, the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) is discussed as a way to widen the value of museum experiences, pointing out their strengths and weaknesses. Subsequently, a model is provided based on value co-creation through (1) the enhancement of cultural heritage as unique and nonfungible resources inherited from the past (authenticity), (2) the active involvement of visitors (interaction), (3) and the effective communication of the value of cultural heritage to different audiences in accordance with their skills and resources (storytelling). Through a critical investigation of a specific case study in the field of archaeology, Poggio Imperiale Park in Poggibonsi (province of Siena, Italy), the main challenges emerging in the “glocal” context are addressed, such as the need to satisfy the dual quest for experience and authenticity expressed by cultural consumers.
The Importance of Being Earnest. A Trivial Comedy for Serious People (1895) by Oscar Wilde.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
As stated by the promoters of the project: “to date, available funds allowed us to build a longhouse (residence of the landlord), a peasant hut with farmyard and hen house, the blacksmith’s forge, a bread oven, two barns, and the vegetable garden; and also some temporary sheds for craft activities, destined in the near future to be replaced by other huts and a large wooden granary on elevated platform” (Valenti and Salzotti 2017: 244).
- 4.
- 5.
See also: “Food and Buongoverno,” which is a tribute to Ambrogio Lorenzetti based on the reconstruction of a living and interactive portrait of artisan shops that are represented in the famous Buongoverno frescoes. The activity was coordinated by Prof. Marco Valenti, Department of Historical Sciences and Cultural Heritage of the University of Siena, during Siena Food Innovation, Millennials Festival 2017 (http://www.siylab.eu/en/millennials-festival-2017-2/).
- 6.
The pole holes are the negative evidence that makes it possible to understand the shape and size of the structures.
- 7.
To understand how the Carolingian Age huts are reconstructed, see https://www.facebook.com/pg/archeopb/photos/?tab=albums; https://www.facebook.com/pg/archeopb/videos/?ref=page_internal; http://www.raistoria.rai.it/articoli/viva-la-storia-costruire/33268/default.aspx.
- 8.
- 9.
- 10.
- 11.
People who financially support the Archaeodrome become residents of the village and receive a certificate with the name and profession of their character.
References
Addis M (2005) New technologies and cultural consumption—edutainment is born! Eur J Mark 39(7/8):729–736
Antinucci F (2007) Musei virtuali. Laterza, Roma-Bari
Arnould EJ, Price LL (2000) Authenticating acts and authoritative performances: questing for self and community. In: Mick DG, Ratneshwar S, Huffman C (eds) The way of consumption: contemporary perspectives on consumer motives, goals and desires. Routledge, London, pp 140–163
Bakhshi H, Throsby D (2012) New technologies in cultural institutions: Theory, evidence and policy implications. Int J Cult Policy 18(2):205–222
Balloffet P, Courvoisier FH, Lagier J (2014) From museum to amusement park: the opportunities and risks of edutainment. Int J Arts Manag 16(2):4–18
Baradaran Rahimi F (2014) A model for sociocultural interactions in museums. Mus Manag Curatorship 29(2):174–187
Beverland MB, Farrelly FJ (2010) The quest for authenticity in consumption: consumers’ purposive choice of authentic cues to shape experienced outcomes. J Consum Res 36(5):838–856
Black G (2005) The engaging museum: developing museums for visitor involvement. Routledge, Abingdon
Bonacini E (2014) La realtà aumentata e le app culturali in Italia: storie da un matrimonio in mobilità. Il capitale culturale. Stud Value Cult Herit 9:89–121
Boswijk A, Peelen E, Olthof S (2012) Economy of experiences. European Centre for the Experience Economy, Amsterdam
Calabrese S, Ragone G (2016) Transluoghi. Storytelling, beni culturali, turismo esperienziale. Liguori, Napoli
Carù A, Cova B (eds) (2007) Consuming experiences. Routledge, London
Cerquetti M (2012) La valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale locale attraverso l’approccio esperienziale: oltre l’edutainment. Mercati e competitività 4:53–71
Cerquetti M (2014) Marketing museale e creazione di valore: strategie per l’innovazione dei musei italiani. FrancoAngeli, Milano
Chan JKL (2009) The consumption of museum service experiences: benefits and value of museum experiences. J Hosp Mark Manag 18(2/3):173–196
Conway T, Leighton D (2012) Staging the past, enacting the present. Experiential marketing in the performing arts and heritage sectors. Arts Mark 2(1):35–51
Courvoisier FH, Jaquet A (2010) L’interactivité et l’immersion des visiteurs—Nouvel instrument de marketing culturel. Décis Mark 60:67–71
Dal Maso C, Ripanti F (2015) Archeostorie. Manuale non convenzionale di archeologia vissuta, Cisalpino, Milano
Davies SM (2010) The co-production of temporary museum exhibitions. Mus Manag Curatorship 25(3):305–321
Di Pietro L, Guglielmetti Mugion R, Renzi MF, Toni M (2014) An audience-centric approach for museums. Sustainability 6:5745–5762
Falk JH, Dierking LD (1992) The museum experience. Whalesback Books, Washington, D.C.
Falk JH, Dierking LD (2008) Digital technologies and the museum experience. In: Tallon L, Walker K (eds) Enhancing visitor interaction and learning with mobile technologies. Altamira Press, Lanham, pp 19–34
Ferrari S (2006) Modelli gestionali per il turismo come esperienza. Emozioni e polisensorialità nel marketing delle imprese turistiche, CEDAM, Padova
Ferrari S, Veltri AR (2008) L’approccio esperienziale nell’offerta dei beni culturali. Il caso di «Emozioni da museo». Finanza, Marketing e Produzione 4:66–95
Fontana A (2009) Manuale di storytelling. Raccontare con efficacia prodotti, marchi e identità d’impresa. ETAS, Milano
Galluzzi P (1997) Nuove tecnologie e funzione culturale dei musei. Opportunità e scenari per il terzo millennio. In: Galluzzi P, Valentino PA (eds) I formati della memoria. Beni culturali e nuove tecnologie alle soglie del terzo millennio. Giunti, Firenze, pp 3–39
Gilli M (2009) Autenticità e interpretazione nell’esperienza turistica. Franco Angeli, Milano
Goulding C (2000a) The commodification of the past, postmodern pastiche, and the search for authentic experiences at contemporary heritage attractions. Eur J Mark 34(7):835–853
Goulding C (2000b) The museum environment and the visitor experience. Eur J Mark 34(3/4):261–278
Grayson K, Martinec R (2004) Consumer perceptions of iconicity and indexicality and their influence on assessments of authentic market offerings. J Consum Res 31(2):296–312
Hampp C, Schwan S (2014) Perception and evaluation of authentic objects: findings from a visitor study. Mus Manag Curatorship 29(4):349–367
Hede AM, Thyne M (2012) A journey to the authentic: museum visitors and their negotiation of the inauthentic. In: Bennett R, Kerrigan F, O’Really D (eds) New horizons in arts, heritage, nonprofit and social marketing. Routledge, London, pp 95–113
Holbrook MB, Hirschman EC (1982) The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. J Consum Res 9(2):132–140
Homburg C, Jozić D, Kuehnl C (2017) Customer experience management: toward implementing an evolving marketing concept. J Acad Mark Sci 45:377–401
Hughes K, Moscardo G (2017) Connecting with new audiences: exploring the impact of mobile communication devices on the experiences of young adults in museums. Visitor Stud 20(1):33–55
Jafari A, Taheri B, vom Lehn D (2013) Cultural consumption, interactive sociality, and the museum. J Mark Manag 29(15/16): 1729–1752
Kéfi H, Pallud J (2011) The role of technologies in cultural mediation in museums: an actor-network theory view applied in France. Mus Manag Curatorship 26(3):273–289
Kotler N (1999) Delivering experience: marketing the museum’s full range of assets. Museum News, May/June 1999
Kotler N (2001) New ways of experiencing culture: the role of museums and marketing implications. Mus Manag Curatorship 19(4):417–425
Kotler N, Kotler P (2000) Can museums be all things to all people? Missions, goals, and marketing’s role. Mus Manag Curatorship 18(3):271–287
Lanternari V (2006) Valorizzazione del folklore e dei “beni culturali”. Musei come centri e simboli di identità storico-culturale. In: Dai “primitivi” al “postmoderno.” Tre percorsi di saggi storico-antropologici. Liguori, Napoli, pp 199–213
Latham KF (2015) What is ‘the real thing’ in the museum? An interpretative phenomenological study. Mus Manag Curatorship 30(1):2–20
Lipovetsky G (2008) La mania dell’autentico. In: Garcin J (ed) Nuovi miti di oggi. Da Barthes alla Smart. Il Saggiatore, Milano, pp 99–101
López Sintas J, García Álvarez E, Pérez E (2014) Art museum visitors: interaction strategies for sharing experiences. Mus Manag Curatorship 29(3):241–259
Macdonald GF, Alsford S (1995) Museums and theme parks: worlds in collision? Mus Manag Curatorship 14(2):129–147
MacLeod S, Hanks LH, Hale J (2012) Museum making. Narratives, architectures, exhibitions. Routledge, Oxon
Marty PF (2008) Interactive Technologies. In: Marty PF, Burton Jones K (eds) Museum informatics. People, information, and technology in museums. Routledge, London, pp 131–135
McCall V, Gray C (2014) Museums and the ‘new museology’: theory, practice and organisational change. Mus Manag Curatorship 29(1):19–35
McIntosh A (1999) Into the tourist’s mind: understanding the value of the heritage experience. J Travel Tour Mark 8(1):41–64
Mencarelli R, Pulh M (2012) Museoparks and re-enchantment on the museum visits: an approach centred on visual ethnology. Qual Mark Res Int J 13(2):148–164
Mencarelli R, Marteaux S, Pulh M (2010) Museums, consumers, and on-site experiences. Mark Intell Plann 28(3):330–348
Montella M (2009) Valore e valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale storico. Mondadori Electa, Milano
Mygind L, Kahr Hällman A, Bentsen P (2015) Bridging gaps between intentions and realities: a review of participatory exhibition development in museums. Mus Manag Curatorship 30(2):117–137
Nielsen JK (2017) Museum communication and storytelling: articulating understanding within the museum structure. Mus Manag Curatorship 32(5):1–16
Packer J (2008) Beyond learning: Exploring visitors’ perceptions of the value and benefits of museum experiences. Curator 51(1):33–54
Parry R (2007) Recoding the museum. Digital heritage and the technologies of change. Routledge, London
Pekarik AJ, Doering ZD, Karns DA (1999) Exploring satisfying experiences in museums. Curator Mus J 42(2):152–173
Pencarelli T (2017) Marketing in an experiential perspective: toward the “experience logic”. Mercati e competitività 2:7–14
Pencarelli T, Conti E, Splendiani S (2017) The experiential offering system of museums: evidence from Italy. J Cult Herit Manag Sustain Dev
Pine BJ II, Gilmore JH (1999) The experience economy: work is theatre & every business a stage. Harvard Business Press, Boston
Pine BJ II, Gilmore JH (2007) Authenticity: what consumers really want. Harvard Business School Press, Boston
Pine II BJ, Gilmore JH (1998) Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Bus Rev 1. https://hbr.org/1998/07/welcome-to-the-experience-economy. Accessed 6 Dec 2017
Prentice R (1996) Managing implosion: the facilitation of insight through the provision of context. Mus Manag Curatorship 15(2):169–185
Prentice R (2001) Experiential cultural tourism: museums & the marketing of the new romanticism of evoked authenticity. Mus Manag Curatorship 19(1):5–26
Pujol-Tost L (2011) Integrating ICT in exhibitions. Mus Manag Curatorship 26(1):63–79
Quistgaard N, Kahr-Højland A (2010) New and innovative exhibition concepts at science centres using communication technologies. Mus Manag Curatorship 25(4):423–436
Resciniti R (2004) Il marketing orientato all’esperienza. L’intrattenimento nella relazione con il consumatore. Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, Napoli
Samis P, Michaelson M (2017) Creating the visitor-centered museum. Routledge, New York
Sandell R (2007) Museums, prejudice and the reframing of difference. Routledge, London
Schmitt BH (1999) Experiential marketing: how to get customers to sense, feel, think, act, relate. Simon and Schuster, New York
Sheng CW, Chen MC (2012) A study of experience expectations of museum visitors. Tour Manag 33:53–60
Simon N (2010) The participatory museum. Museum 2.0, Santa Cruz, CA
Solima L (2009) Oltre il confine: le nuove frontiere di produzione e diffusione dei contenuti culturali. In: Grossi R (ed) Creatività e produzione culturale. Un paese tra declino e progresso. Quinto Rapporto Annuale Federculture 2008. Allemandi, Torino, pp 141–151
Solima L (2010) Le tecnologie Rfid nella prospettiva dell’utente: ambiti di utilizzo e criticità di applicazione. Finanza, Marketing e Produzione 3:123–150
Stephen A (2001) The contemporary museum and leisure: recreation as a museum function. Mus Manag Curatorship 19(3):297–308
Stylianou-Lambert T (2010) Re-conceptualizing museum audiences: power, activity, responsibility. Visitor Stud 13(2):130–144
Sundbo J, Sørensen F (2013) Handbook on the experience economy. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
Taheri B, Jafari A (2012) Museums ad playful venues in the leisure society. In: Sharpley R, Stone PR (eds) Contemporary tourist experience. Concepts and consequences. Routledge, London, pp 201–215
Taheri B, O’Gorman K, Baxter I (2016) Contemporary issues in museums and heritage marketing management: introduction to the special issue. J Mark Manag 32(15/16):1387–1391
Tallon L, Walker K (eds) (2008) Digital technologies and the museum experience: handheld guides and other media. Altamira Press, Lanham
Thyne M, Hede AM (2016) Approaches to managing co-production for the co-creation of value in a museum setting: when authenticity matters. J Mark Manag 32(15/16):1478–1493
Valenti M, Salzotti F (2017) For a participatory culture: the experience of Archeòtipo srl and the Poggibonsi Archaeodrome (Italy, prov. Siena). In: Cerquetti M (ed) Bridging theories, strategies and practices in valuing cultural heritage. eum, Macerata, pp 243–260
Villeneuuve P (2013) Building museum sustainability through visitor-centered exhibition practices. Int J Incl Mus 5:37–50
vom Lehn D (2006) Embodying experience: a video-based examination of visitors’ conduct and interaction in museums. Eur J Mark 40(11/12):1340–1359
vom Lehn D, Heath C (2016) Actions at the exhibit face: video and the analysis of social interaction in museum and galleries. J Mark Manag 32(15/16):1441–1457
Weil SE (1997) The museum and the public. Mus Manag Curatorship 16(3):257–271
Weil S (1999) From being about something to being for somebody: the ongoing transformation of the American Museum. Daedalus 128(3):229–258
Witcomb A (2003) Re-Imagining the museum. Beyond the Mausoleum. Routledge, London
Yin RK (2003) Case study research. Design and methods, Sage, London
Zarantonello L (2005) Marketing ed esperienza: quali approcci possibili? Micro Macro Mark 14(2):177–196
Acknowledgements
I owe special thanks to Federico Salzotti for his generosity in taking time for the interview, providing me with information about the activity carried out by Archeòtipo s.r.l. and sharing his insights about the application of the experience-based approach in cultural heritage management.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cerquetti, M. (2018). The Importance of Being Earnest. Enhancing the Authentic Experience of Cultural Heritage Through the Experience-Based Approach. In: Pencarelli, T., Forlani, F. (eds) The Experience Logic as a New Perspective for Marketing Management. International Series in Advanced Management Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77550-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77550-0_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-77549-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-77550-0
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)