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HIV Infection as a Model of Accelerated Immunosenescence

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Immunosenescence

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Abstract

Since its discovery in 1983, HIV-1 has become the most extensively studied pathogen in history. Massive CD4+ T-cell depletion and sustained immune activation and inflammation are hallmarks of HIV-1 infection. However, many insights underlying the onset of immunodeficiency that develops during HIV-1 infection remain to be resolved. In recent years, an intriguing parallel between HIV-1 infection and aging has emerged: many of the alterations that affect innate and adaptive immune cell compartments in HIV-infected patients are reminiscent of the process of immune aging, characteristic of old age. These alterations, of which the alleged cause is the systemic chronic immune activation established in patients, likely participate to the decline of immune competence with HIV disease progression. Of note, the comparison between HIV-1-infected patients and uninfected elderly adults goes beyond the sole onset of immunosenescence and extends to the deterioration of a number of physiological functions related to inflammation and systemic aging. Our understanding of the precise link between immune activation and aging in HIV-1 infection is complicated by the influence of coinfections and lifestyle factors. Developing rational interventions to reduce the hyper-inflammatory status and age resembling manifestations in HIV-1-infected patients are major goals of the HIV community.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France

    Victor Appay & Delphine Sauce

  2. International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

    Victor Appay

  3. The Kirby Institute of Infectious Diseases in Society, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Anthony D. Kelleher

  4. St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst/Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Anthony D. Kelleher

Authors
  1. Victor Appay
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  2. Delphine Sauce
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  3. Anthony D. Kelleher
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Victor Appay .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Dept. of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Dept of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

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Appay, V., Sauce, D., Kelleher, A.D. (2018). HIV Infection as a Model of Accelerated Immunosenescence. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_50-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_50-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-64597-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-64597-1

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