Abstract
This chapter provides a framework for building successful online communities that offer solidarity to their members in the face of online racism. The framework looks at the eight different types of online communities, the types of stakeholders driving or empowering them and a range of proactive and reactive strategies they can adopt to tackle cyber racism. This framework is illustrated with in-depth case studies and examples of each type of community and how they can contribute to the creation of online communities of solidarity and resistance.
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Jakubowicz, A. et al. (2017). Building Online Communities of Resistance and Solidarity . In: Cyber Racism and Community Resilience. Palgrave Hate Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64388-5_7
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