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Sublingual Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma

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Allergy and Asthma

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Abstract

Allergic rhinitis, atopic eczema, and asthma, which affect a large proportion of the population, have adverse effects on work and quality of life, and have the propensity to worsen with time. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been around for over 100 years and is the only treatment that can change the natural history of disease and can reverse the natural progression of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic eczema. This chapter reviews subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and compares and contrasts in vitro mechanisms of the two treatment modalities highlighting immune changes through time, and potential biomarkers associated with treatment response. This chapter then focusses on patient clinical changes through time, safety, and cost effectiveness. This chapter concludes with information on current FDA-approved treatments Odactra®, Grazax/Grastek®, Oralair®, Ragwitek® and include information on patient populations approved for these therapies, dosing regimens, when to initiate treatment, and standard doses.

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Abbreviations

AEs:

Adverse events

AR:

Allergic rhinitis

AIT:

Allergen immunotherapy

EET:

Environmental exposure chambers

HDM:

House dust mite

SCIT:

Subcutaneous immunotherapy

SLIT:

Sublingual immunotherapy

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Elizabeth Mason

  2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Efren Rael

Authors
  1. Elizabeth Mason
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  2. Efren Rael
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Efren Rael .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Penn State University Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Hershey, PA, USA

    Timothy Craig

  2. Suite 502, Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Suite 502, Tampa, FL, USA

    Dennis K. Ledford

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

    Timothy Craig

  2. Division of Allergy & Immunology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, James A Haley Veterans' Hospital, Asthma and Immunology Associates of Tampa Bay, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Dennis K. Ledford

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Mason, E., Rael, E. (2018). Sublingual Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma. In: Craig, T., Ledford, D. (eds) Allergy and Asthma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_41-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_41-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58726-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58726-4

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