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Pharmacologic Therapy for Rhinitis and Allergic Eye Disease

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Abstract

Allergic rhinitis and allergic eye disease affect the lives of many worldwide. They are Type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Allergic rhinitis occurs after sensitization of the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity to allergens. Likewise, allergic conjunctivitis occurs after sensitization of the ocular epithelium to allergens. Avoidance of allergens is the key in prevention of sensitization and the ensuing allergic responses. Various pharmacologic agents are developed to target the different underlying allergic mechanisms that cause the many symptoms of allergic rhinitis and allergic eye disease: antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, anticholinergics, decongestants/vasoconstrictors, corticosteroids, multimodal anti-allergic agents, NSAIDs, and immunomodulators. Oral, intranasal, and topical formulations are available for certain agents. Complementary and alternative form of therapy can provide additional symptomatic relief. Furthermore, at the forefront of research for the treatment and management of allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and allergic eye disease, allergen-specific immunotherapy with subcutaneous or sublingual immunotherapy can offer potential treatment and cure.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Shan Shan Wu

  2. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie, PA, USA

    Adi Cosic

  3. University Hospitals Regional Hospitals, Traditional Rotating Internship Residency Program, Richmond Heights, Ohio, USA

    Kathleen Gibbons

  4. Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Warrensville Heights, OH, USA

    William Pender

  5. University Hospitals Regional Hospitals, Allergy-Immunology Fellowship Program, Richmond Heights, Ohio, USA

    Brian Peppers

  6. Allergy/Immunology Associates, Inc., Mayfield Heights, Ohio, USA

    Robert Hostoffer

Authors
  1. Shan Shan Wu
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  2. Adi Cosic
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  3. Kathleen Gibbons
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  4. William Pender
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  5. Brian Peppers
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  6. Robert Hostoffer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shan Shan Wu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Penn State University Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Hershey, PA, USA

    Timothy Craig

  2. Suite 502, Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Suite 502, Tampa, FL, USA

    Dennis K. Ledford

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

    Timothy Craig

  2. Division of Allergy & Immunology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, James A Haley Veterans' Hospital, Asthma and Immunology Associates of Tampa Bay, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Dennis K. Ledford

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Wu, S.S., Cosic, A., Gibbons, K., Pender, W., Peppers, B., Hostoffer, R. (2018). Pharmacologic Therapy for Rhinitis and Allergic Eye Disease. In: Craig, T., Ledford, D. (eds) Allergy and Asthma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_37-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_37-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58726-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58726-4

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