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Centromere Transcription: Means and Motive

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Centromeres and Kinetochores

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 56))

Abstract

The chromosome biology field at large has benefited from studies of the cell cycle components, protein cascades and genomic landscape that are required for centromere identity, assembly and stable transgenerational inheritance. Research over the past 20 years has challenged the classical descriptions of a centromere as a stable, unmutable, and transcriptionally silent chromosome component. Instead, based on studies from a broad range of eukaryotic species, including yeast, fungi, plants, and animals, the centromere has been redefined as one of the more dynamic areas of the eukaryotic genome, requiring coordination of protein complex assembly, chromatin assembly, and transcriptional activity in a cell cycle specific manner. What has emerged from more recent studies is the realization that the transcription of specific types of nucleic acids is a key process in defining centromere integrity and function. To illustrate the transcriptional landscape of centromeres across eukaryotes, we focus this review on how transcripts interact with centromere proteins, when in the cell cycle centromeric transcription occurs, and what types of sequences are being transcribed. Utilizing data from broadly different organisms, a picture emerges that places centromeric transcription as an integral component of centromere function.

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Acknowledgements

Sincerest apologies to all of the scientists’ work that could not be covered in this review for lack of space. Thank you to J. Brown, M. O’Neill and B. Mellone for critical review of the manuscript. RJO and ZD are supported by NSF 1613803.

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  1. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA

    Zachary Duda, Sarah Trusiak & Rachel O’Neill

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  1. Zachary Duda
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  3. Rachel O’Neill
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Correspondence to Rachel O’Neill .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Ben E. Black

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Duda, Z., Trusiak, S., O’Neill, R. (2017). Centromere Transcription: Means and Motive . In: Black, B. (eds) Centromeres and Kinetochores. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 56. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58592-5_11

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