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Application of Novel Microbial Consortia for Environmental Site Remediation and Hazardous Waste Management Toward Low- and High-Density Polyethylene and Prioritizing the Cost-Effective, Eco-friendly, and Sustainable Biotechnological Intervention

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Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

Abstract

Accumulation of plastics has been identified as one of the biggest threats to the ecosystem due to the non-biodegradability and persistence of polyethylene for extended period of time. Therefore, there is a high scope to manage the plastic waste by eco-friendly, cost-effective, and novel biotechnological approach. The current chapter focuses on the biodegradation of two forms of plastics, LDPE (low-density polyethylene) and HDPE (high-density polyethylene), by means of novel bacterial consortia screened from various sources. The chapter initially focuses on conventional methodologies available for plastic waste management, the merits and demerits of such technology, and need for novel biotechnological intervention. The chapter later progresses with various approaches used for formulating novel microbial consortia, the microbiology of important plastic-degrading bacteria and their screening techniques, recent protocols used for screening and characterization of plastic degradation bacteria, various techniques used for the biodegradation studies, role of ideal environmental parameters for effective degradation, mechanism of degradation of LDPE and HDPE by novel microbial consortia, the role of biofilm formation on plastic degradation, major biodegradation end products and approaches and techniques used for studying these end products, and recent advances in the preservation and environmental scale-up of novel plastic-degrading bacteria. The chapter finally illustrates the scope of enzyme technology, bioinformatics and computational biology, molecular modeling, and simulation aspects in biodegradation studies by novel microbial consortia. The concepts highlighted in this chapter certainly provide new dimensions and advancements in the field of environmental site remediation and hazardous waste management.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. R & D Centre, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India

    Sinosh Skariyachan, Meghna Manjunath, Apoorva Shankar, Nikhil Bachappanavar & Amulya A. Patil

  2. Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

    Sinosh Skariyachan, Meghna Manjunath, Apoorva Shankar, Nikhil Bachappanavar & Amulya A. Patil

  3. Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Nikhil Bachappanavar & Amulya A. Patil

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  1. Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey InstTech, 151 D Tiernan-NJIT Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

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    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain Ph. D

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Skariyachan, S., Manjunath, M., Shankar, A., Bachappanavar, N., Patil, A.A. (2018). Application of Novel Microbial Consortia for Environmental Site Remediation and Hazardous Waste Management Toward Low- and High-Density Polyethylene and Prioritizing the Cost-Effective, Eco-friendly, and Sustainable Biotechnological Intervention. In: Hussain, C. (eds) Handbook of Environmental Materials Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_9-1

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