Abstract
In this chapter, management of hemorrhoidal disease in special conditions is discussed. These special conditions include acutely thrombosed or strangulated external hemorrhoids and hemorrhoidal disease in pregnancy, in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension, in patients having anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, and in patients with immune deficiency. Medical and surgical treatments, alternatives of treatment, complications, and outcome are presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abramowitz L, Batallan A (2003) Epidemiology of anal lesions (fissure and thrombosed external hemorroid) during pregnancy and post-partum. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 31(6):546–549
Chan KK, Arthur JD (2013) External haemorrhoidal thrombosis: evidence for current management. Tech Coloproctol 17(1):21–25
Gorfine SR (1995) Treatment of benign anal disease with topical nitroglycerin. Dis Colon Rectum 38(5):453–456. discussion 456–7
Greenspon J, Williams SB, Young HA, Orkin BA (2004) Thrombosed external hemorrhoids: outcome after conservative or surgical management. Dis Colon Rectum 47:1493–1498
Hewitt WR, Sokol TP, Fleshner PR (1996) Should HIV statusalter indications for hemorrhoidectomy? Dis Colon Rectum 39:615–618
Hosking SW, Johnson AG, Smart HL, Triger DR (1989) Anorectal varices, haemorrhoids and portal hypertension. Lancet 333(8634):349–352
Juusola JL, Brandeau ML (2016) HIV treatment and prevention a simple model to determine optimal investment. Med Decis Mak 36(3):391–409
Lohsiriwat V (2013) Approach to hemorrhoids. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 15:332
Lohsiriwat V (2015) Treatment of hemorrhoids: a coloproctologist’s view. World J Gastroenterol 21(31):9245–9252
Mirhaidari SJ, Porter JA, Slezak FA (2016) Thrombosed external hemorrhoids in pregnancy: a retrospective review of outcomes. Int J Color Dis 31:1557
Moesgaard F, Nielsen ML, Hansen JB, Knudsen JT (1982) High-fiber diet reduces bleeding and pain in patients with hemorrhoids: a double-blind trial of Vi-Siblin. Dis Colon Rectum 25(5):454–456
Morandi E, Merlini D, Salvaggio A, Foschi D, Trabucchi E (1999) Prospective study of healing time after hemorrhoidectomy: influence of HIV infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and anal wound infection. Dis Colon Rectum 42(9):1140–1144
Mounsey AL, Halladay J, Sadiq TS (2011) Hemorrhoids. Am Fam Physician 84:204–210
Nadal SR, Manzione CR, Galvão VM, Salim VR, Speranzini MB (1999) Perianal diseases in HIV-positive patients compared with a seronegative population. Dis Colon Rectum 42(5):649–654
Oh HK, Moon SH, Ryoo S, Choe EK, Park KJ (2014) Results of surgical treatment on benign anal diseases in Korean HIV-positive patients. J Korean Med Sci 29(9):1260–1265
Ono T, Goto K, Takagi S, Iwasaki S, Komatsu H (2005) Sclerosing effect of OC-108, a novel agent for hemorrhoids, is associated with granulomatous inflammation induced by aluminum. J Pharmacol Sci 99:353–363
Patti R, Arcara M, Bonventre S, Sammartano S, Sparacello M, Vitello G, Di Vita G (2008 Nov) Randomized clinical trial of botulinum toxin injection for pain relief in patients with thrombosedexternal haemorrhoids. Br J Surg 95(11):1339–1343
Perera N, Liolitsa D, Iype S, Croxford A, Yassin M, Lang P, Ukaegbu O, van Issum C (2012) Phlebotonics for haemorrhoids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 15(8):CD004322. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004322.pub3
Perrotti P, Antropoli C, Molino D, De Stefano G, Antropoli M (2001) Conservative treatment of acute thrombosed external hemorrhoids with topical nifedipine. Dis Colon Rectum 44(3):405–409
Rivadeneira DE, Steele SR, Ternent C, Chalasani S, Buie WD, Rafferty JL (2011) Practice parameters for the management of hemorrhoids (revised 2010). Dis Colon Rectum 54(9):1059–1064
Ruiz-Moreno F (1970) Surgery in the puerperium for painful anorectal disorders. Proc R Soc Med 63(Suppl 1):102–103
Shi Z, Zhou J, He X (1981) On treatment of third degree internal hemorrhoids with “Xiaozhiling” injection. J Tradit Chin Med 1:115–120
Song SG, Kim SH (2011) Optimal treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids. J Korean Soc Coloproctol 27(6):277–281
Wolkomir AF, Barone JE, Hardy HW, Cottone FJ (1990) Abdominal and anorectat surgery and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome in heterosexual intravenous drug users. Dis Colon Rectum 33:267–270
Wong JCH, Chung CC, Yau KK, Cheung HYS, Wong DCT, Chan OCY, Li MKW (2008) Stapled technique for acute thrombosed hemorrhoids: a randomized, controlled trial with long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 51:397–403
Zuber TJ (2002) Punch biopsy of the skin. Am Fam Physician 65(8):1629–1632
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Gecim, I.E. (2018). Management of Hemorrhoidal Disease in Special Conditions. In: Ratto, C., Parello, A., Litta, F. (eds) Hemorrhoids. Coloproctology, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53357-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53357-5_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53356-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53357-5
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine