Abstract
The methodological inquiry developed here about the natural environments in which children play extends the theory and practices of narrative inquiry in educational research, in particular, Clandinin and Connelly’s extensive scholarly work in that field. This ecological approach hinges on the inclusion of young children and uses multimodal methods (such as mapping, drawings, and memory boxes) to prompt in children a self-questioning of the stories they told and retold about playing in different environments, the incorporation of a historical/temporal and comparative intergenerational sensibility that demonstrates the complexity of the children’s telling of stories, and, subsequently, an extension of Clandinin and Connelly’s (Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. San Francisco, CA: Joseey-Bass, 2000) three-dimensional narrative analysis model via the analysis of contextualized re-stories and mind mapping. Of central importance to this ecology of inquiry was a revealing of the ontologically temporal (and spatial) nature of how the children’s stories shifted and deepened over the course of four iterative conversational interviews as the participant-researcher relationship developed. Notably, this temporal process was enabled spatially and geographically through the children’s preferences for playing outside in “naturally” perceived places such as a tree, a clump of bushes, or a creek and being reinterviewed in that ecologically imagined and “played” space. This ecology helped children engage in deepening their ongoing conversations with the researcher in relation to the affordances in nature they preferred to use for their self-constructed imaginative play places. Children’s rich, sensory experiences with these aspects of nature were observed ethnographically during the conversations, which added further depth and meaning to their stories and what that might mean for childhoodnature ecological, pedagogical, and research development.
References
Adams, K. (2013). Childhood in crisis? Perceptions of 7–11 year olds on being a child and the implications for education and well-being agenda. International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 41(5), 523–537.
Albon, D., & Rosen, R. (2014). Negotiating adult-child relationships in early childhood research. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Bamberg, M., & Andrews, M. (2004). Considering counter narratives: Narrating, resisting and making sense. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: J. Benjamins.
Baptiste, I. (2001). Qualitative data analysis: Common phrases, strategic differences. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(3), 1–4.
Barrett, M. S. (2009). Sounding lives in and through music: A narrative inquiry of the ‘everyday’ musical engagement of a young child. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 7(2), 115–134.
Beal, C. C. (2013). Keeping the story together: A holistic approach to narrative analysis. Journal of Research in Nursing, 18(8), 692–704.
Bell, J. S. (2002). Narrative inquiry: More than just telling stories. TESOL Quarterly, 36(2), 207–213.
Caine, V., Estefan, A., & Clandinin, D. J. (2013). A return to methodological commitment: Reflections on narrative inquiry. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 57(6), 574–586.
Chase, S. E. (2008). Narrative inquiry: Multiple lenses, approaches, voices. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials (3rd ed., pp. 57–94). San Francisco, CA: Sage.
Clandinin, D. J. (2013). Engaging in narrative inquiry. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (1990). Stories of experience and narrative inquiry. Educational Researcher, 19(2), 2–14.
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. San Francisco, CA: Joseey-Bass.
Clandinin, D. J., Huber, J., Menon, J., Murphy, M. S., & Swanson, C. (2016). Narrative inquiry: Conducting research in early childhood. In A. Farrell, S. L. Kagan, & E. K. M. Tisdall (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of early childhood research. London, England: eBook Collection: EBSCO Publishing.
Clandinin, D. J., Pushor, D., & Orr Murray, A. (2007). Navigating sites for narrative inquiry. Journal of Teacher Education, 58(1), 21–35.
Clark, A., & Moss, P. (2011). Listening to children: The mosaic approach (2nd ed.). London, England: National Children’s Bureau.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011). Research methods in education (7th ed.). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Connelly, M. F., & Clandinin, J. D. (2006). Narrative inquiry. In J. L. Green, G. Camilli, & P. B. Elmore (Eds.), Handbook of complimentary methods in education research (pp. 477–487). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cross, B. (2009). Mimesis and the spatial economy of children’s play across digital divides: What consequences for creativity and agency? In R. Willett, M. Robinson, & J. Marsh (Eds.), Play, creativity and digital cultures (pp. 125–142). New York, NY: Routledge.
Dahlberg, G., Moss, P., & Pence, A. (2007). Beyond quality in early childhood education and care: Language of evaluation (2nd ed.). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2001). Interpretive interactionism: Interpretive criteria in the seventh moment (pp. 2–24).
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2008). Introduction – The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials (3rd ed., pp. 1–44). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dockett, S., Einarsdottir, J., & Perry, B. (2009). Researching with children: Ethical tensions. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 7(3), 283–298.
Elliott, J. (2012). Gathering narrative data. In S. Delamont (Ed.), Handbook of qualitative research in education (pp. 281–298). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ellis, C., & Berger, L. (2001). Their story, my story, our story. In J. F. Gubrium & J. A. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research (pp. 848–876). London, England: Sage.
Farquhar, S. (2012). Narrative identity and early childhood education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 44(3), 289–301.
Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2008). The interview: From neutral stance to political involvement. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials (3rd ed., pp. 115–159). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Frank, A. W. (2010). Letting stories breathe: A socio-narratology. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Golombek, P. R., & Johnson, K. E. (2004). Narrative inquiry as a mediational space: Examining emotional and cognitive dissonance in second-language teachers’ development. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 10(3), 307–327.
Goodenough, E. (2003). Peering into childhood’s secret spaces. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 49(43), 1–4.
Grix, J. (2002). Introducing students to the generic terminology of social research. Politics, 22(3), 175–186.
Hart, R. (1979). Children’s experience of place. New York, NY: Irvington Publishers.
Huber, J., & Clandinin, D. J. (2002). Ethical dilemmas in relational narrative inquiry with children. Qualitative Inquiry, 8(6), 785–803.
Kirk, S. (2007). Methodological and ethical issues in conducting qualitative research with children and young people: A literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44, 1250–1260.
Kramp, M. K. (2004). Exploring life and experience through narrative inquiry. In K. B. de Marrais & S. D. Lapan (Eds.), Foundations of research: Methods of inquiry in education and the social sciences (pp. 103–123). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Kuntz, A. M., & Presnall, M. M. (2012). Wandering the tactical: From interview to intraview. Qualitative Inquiry, xx(x), 1–13.
Lichtman, M. (2010). Qualitative research in education: A user’s guide (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Sage.
Lim, M., & Barton, A. C. (2010). Exploring insideness in urban children’s sense of place. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 328–337.
Linzmayer, C. D., & Halpenny, E. A. (2014). ‘I might know when I’m an adult’: Making sense of children’s relationship with nature. Children’s Geographies, 12(4), 412–428.
Marsh, J. (2013). Breaking the ice: Play, friendships and online identities in young children’s use of virtual worlds. In C. Burke & J. Marsh (Eds.), Children’s virtual play worlds: Culture, learning and participation (pp. 59–78). New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.
Moore, D. (2015). A place within a place: Toward new understandings on the enactment of contemporary imaginative play practices and places (Doctor of Philosophy unpublished thesis, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia).
Moore, R. C. (1986). Childhood’s domain: Play and place in child development. London, England: Croom Helm.
Moss, P. (2006). Listening to young children – Beyond rights to ethics (Government report: Let’s talk about listening to children – Towards a shared understanding for early years education in Scotland). Glasgow, Scotland: Learning and Teaching Scotland.
Moss, P. (2016). Where am I? Position and perspective in researching early childhood education. In A. Farrell, S. Kagan, & E. K. M. Tisdall (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of early childhood research. London, England: Ebook Collection: EBSCO Publishing.
Neumann, A. (2012). Research as thought and emotion in researchers’ learning. Research Intelligence, 118, 8–9.
Ollerenshaw, J. A., & Creswell, J. W. (2002). Narrative research: A comparison of two restorying data analysis approaches. Qualitative Inquiry, 8, 329–347.
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Sage.
Pink, S. (2009). Doing sensory ethnography. London, England: Sage.
Pinnegar, S., & Daynes, J. G. (2007). Locating narrative inquiry historically: Thematics in the turn to narrative. In D. J. Clandinin (Ed.), Handbook of narrative inquiry: Mapping a methodology (pp. 3–34). London, England: Sage.
Polkinghorne, D. E. (2007). Validity issues in narrative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 13(4), 471–486.
Puroila, A. M., Estola, E., & Syrjala, L. (2012). Does Santa exist? Children’s everyday narratives as dynamic meeting places in a day care centre context. Early Child Development and Care, 182(2), 191–206.
Rasmussen, K. (2004). Places for children – Children’s places. Childhood, 11(2), 155–173.
Richards, R. (2014). The private and public worlds of children’s spontaneous art. Studies in Art Education, 55(2), 143–156.
Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Rogoff, B. (2003). Cultural nature of human development. London, England: Oxford University Press.
Skanfors, L., Lofdahl, A., & Hagglund, S. (2009). Hidden spaces and places in preschool: Withdrawal strategies in preschool children’s peer culture. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 71(1), 94–109.
Skelton, T. (2008). Research with children and young people: Exploring the tensions between ethics, competence and participation. Children’s Geographies, 6(1), 21–36.
Squire, C. (2013). From experience-centred and culturally-orientated approaches to narrative. In M. Andrews, C. Squire, & M. Tamboukou (Eds.), Doing narrative research (2nd ed., pp. 47–71). London, England: Sage.
Tanner, K. (2009). “I’m crying too…help, what do I do?”: Unexpected encounters experienced by a first time researcher. Current Narratives, 1, 69–79.
Taylor, M. (2013). An introduction. In M. Taylor (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of the development of imagination (pp. 3–10). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Tsai, M.-L. (2007). Understanding young children’s personal narratives: What I have learned from young children’s sharing time narratives in a Taiwanese kindergarten classroom. In D. J. Clandinin (Ed.), Handbook of narrative inquiry: Mapping a methodology (pp. 461–488). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. (1989). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Article 12. Geneva, Switzerland: United Nations, Committee on the Rights of the Child Publication.
Van Manen, M., & Levering, B. (1996). Childhood’s secrets: Intimacy, privacy and the self reconsidered. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Waller, T., & Bitou, A. (2011). Research with children: Three challenges for participating research in early childhood. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 19(1), 5–20.
Xu, S., & Connelly, M. (2010). Narrative inquiry for school based research. Narrative Inquiry, 20(2), 349–370.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Moore, D. (2018). Children’s Imaginative Play Environments and Ecological Narrative Inquiry. In: Cutter-Mackenzie, A., Malone, K., Barratt Hacking, E. (eds) Research Handbook on Childhoodnature . Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51949-4_23-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51949-4_23-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51949-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51949-4
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education