Introduction
Historically, the so-called “natural disasters” have been considered an important study object among archaeologists, such as the case of the renowned localities of Pompeii and Herculaneum (Italy), excavated since the eighteenth century. However, the explanation of the disaster has increased throughout the twentieth century, since it has been invoked as the cause of various social transformations, especially because of their effects on complex societies (Sheets 1980; Buren 2001). Currently, it is also claimed that natural hazards and disasters are among the great challenges of twenty-first century archaeology by the growing interest on this issue (Kintigh et al. 2014; d’Alpoim Guedes et al. 2016).
However, it is noteworthy that archaeology does not have yet a complete documentation regarding localities, theoretical and methodological approaches, or disciplinary collaborative agreements. Unlike what it has been done from the anthropological and historical perspective (Brown 2017...
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Corona-M, E., Goenaga, M.I.C. (2019). Extreme Environments in Archaeology: Disaster. In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_2864-1
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