Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to describe critical components of phonemic awareness instruction and intervention for students in pre-k through second grade who have language delays, reading disabilities, or who are at-risk for future reading problems. First, we describe our theoretical framework. Second, we describe existing assessments for screening, progress monitoring, intervention design. Third, we describe four evidence-based intervention programs that range from Tier 1 to more intensive interventions and we provide links to websites that review additional interventions. Finally, we conclude with directions for future research related to phonemic awareness instruction and intervention for students with language impairments or reading disabilities.
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Otaiba, S.A., Allor, J., Werfel, K.L., Clemens, N. (2016). Critical Components of Phonemic Awareness Instruction and Intervention: Recommendations for Teacher Training and for Future Research. In: Schiff, R., Joshi, R. (eds) Interventions in Learning Disabilities. Literacy Studies, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31235-4_2
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