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Soft Matter at Aqueous Interfaces pp 491–513Cite as

Introduction to Quantitative Data Analysis in Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 917))

Abstract

Analyzing molecules at aqueous interfaces in situ, in vitro, or even in vivo without the need for labels and/or disruptive sample preparation is crucial for the understanding and optimization of material’s interactions with its surrounding. In this context, a central theme is the ability to differentiate between molecules in the respective bulk phases and those that are located at the interface. Here we introduce vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, a nonlinear optical technique that is capable to selectively probe molecules at interfaces. SFG spectroscopy can be applied under ex vacuo conditions and allows to record vibrational spectra from molecules at interfaces. Though this technique holds great potential in research themes involving aqueous interfaces, the data analysis of SFG spectra can get quite complex and often requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying nonlinear optical processes. This chapter introduces experimental and theoretical aspects of SFG spectroscopy with a strong focus on data analysis. It is meant for scientists new to the field of SFG spectroscopy who like to explore its applicability and theoretical background or are starting to apply SFG spectroscopy in their own research.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The molecular symmetry of a methyl group is \(C_{3v}\), but its macroscopic arrangement as defined here is \(C_{\infty v}\).

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Hongfei Wang for helpful discussions. PK acknowledges funding from NIH Grant No. EB-002027 to the National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse, 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Matthias Josef Hofmann

  2. National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA

    Patrick Koelsch

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  1. Matthias Josef Hofmann
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Correspondence to Patrick Koelsch .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany

    Peter Lang

  2. Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich, Germany

    Yi Liu

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Hofmann, M.J., Koelsch, P. (2016). Introduction to Quantitative Data Analysis in Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy. In: Lang, P., Liu, Y. (eds) Soft Matter at Aqueous Interfaces. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 917. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24502-7_15

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