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Methods of Melanoma Detection

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Melanoma

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 167))

Abstract

Detection and removal of melanoma, before it has metastasized, dramatically improves prognosis and survival. The purpose of this chapter is to (1) summarize current methods of melanoma detection and (2) review state-of-the-art detection methods and technologies that have the potential to reduce melanoma mortality. Current strategies for the detection of melanoma range from population-based educational campaigns and screening to the use of algorithm-driven imaging technologies and performance of assays that identify markers of transformation. This chapter will begin by describing state-of-the-art methods for educating and increasing awareness of at-risk individuals and for performing comprehensive screening examinations. Standard and advanced photographic methods designed to improve reliability and reproducibility of the clinical examination will also be reviewed. Devices that magnify and/or enhance malignant features of individual melanocytic lesions (and algorithms that are available to interpret the results obtained from these devices) will be compared and contrasted. In vivo confocal microscopy and other cellular-level in vivo technologies will be compared to traditional tissue biopsy, and the role of a noninvasive “optical biopsy” in the clinical setting will be discussed. Finally, cellular and molecular methods that have been applied to the diagnosis of melanoma, such as comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH16D, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Sancy A. Leachman

  2. Department of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3125 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L468R, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Pamela B. Cassidy

  3. Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1525 Clifton Road NE, 1st Floor, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Suephy C. Chen

  4. Department of Dermatology and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    Clara Curiel

  5. Department of Dermatology, Harvard School of Public Health and Massachusetts General Hospital, Landmark Center, 401 Park Drive, 3rd Floor East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Alan Geller

  6. Laboratory of Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Daniel Gareau

  7. Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, Italy

    Giovanni Pellacani

  8. Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Room 912, BRB (R-125), 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    James M. Grichnik

  9. Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Josep Malvehy & Susana Puig

  10. University of California, San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero Street, Suite 280, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA

    Jeffrey North

  11. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Steven L. Jacques

  12. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Tracy Petrie

  13. Department of Dermatology/Cutaneous Oncology, Stanford University, 900 Blake Wilbur Drive, W3045, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Susan M. Swetter

  14. Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH16D, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Susan Tofte

  15. Departments of Dermatology and Epidemiology, Brown University, V A Medical Center 111D, 830 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI, 02908, USA

    Martin A. Weinstock

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  1. Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New York, USA

    Howard L. Kaufman

  2. Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Janice M. Mehnert

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Leachman, S.A. et al. (2016). Methods of Melanoma Detection. In: Kaufman, H., Mehnert, J. (eds) Melanoma. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 167. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_3

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