Abstract
Along with Herodotus and Thucydides, Ibn Khaldūn is generally perceived as one of the founding fathers of the social sciences and historiography. He began his life deeply immersed in the political world of his time occupying various governmental posts before eventually withdrawing from public life and penning the work he is perhaps best remembered for, the Muqqadimah.
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References
Primary Literature
Khaldun, Ibn. 1980. The Muqaddima: An Introduction to History. trans. F. Rosenthal. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Further Reading
Ahmad, Zaid. 2003. The epistemology of Ibn Khaldun. London and New York: Routledge Curzon.
Ahmad, Zaid. 2006. Ibn Khaldun. In The biographical encyclopedia of Islamic philosophy, ed. Olivier Leaman, 199–204. London: Bloomsbury.
Al-Azmeh, Aziz. 1981. Ibn Khaldun in modern scholarship: A study in orientalism. London: Third World Centre.
Baali, Fuad. 1992. Social institution: Ibn Khaldun’s social thought. New York: University Press of America.
Campanini, M. 2005. Studies on Ibn Khaldun. Milan: Polimetrica.
Enan, M.A. 1993. Ibn Khaldun: His life and work. Lahore: SH Muhammad Ashraf.
Fakhry, Majid. 1985. A history of Islamic philosophy. New York: Columbia University Press.
Fakhry, Majid. 2004. A history of Islamic philosophy. 3rd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.
Fischel, W. 1952. Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Hourani, Albert. 1991. A history of the Arab peoples. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Irwin, Robert. 1997. Toynbee and Ibn Khaldun. Middle Eastern Studies 33: 461–479.
Issawi, C. 1986. An Arab philosophy of history. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Khaldun, Ibn. 1959. Shifa al-sa’il li tahdhib al-masa’il (the healing of the seeker for the refinement of [spiritual] problems). Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique.
Khaldun, Ibn. 1979. Al-Ta‘rif bi Ibn Khaldun wa rihlatu-hu gharban wa sharqan (The biography of Ibn Khaldun and his journey [to] the West and the East). Beirut: Dar al-kitab al-lubnani.
Khaldun, Ibn. 1987. An Arab philosophy of history: Selections from the prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332–1406). Princeton, PA: The Darwin Press.
Lacoste, Yves. 1984. Ibn Khaldun: The birth of history and the past of the third world. London: Verso.
Lakhsassi, A. 1996. Ch. 25. Ibn Khaldun. In History of Islamic philosophy, ed. S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman, 350–366. London: Routledge.
Mahdi, Muhsin. 1957. Ibn Khaldun’s philosophy of history: A study of the philosophic foundation of the science of culture. London: Allen and Unwin.
Rosen, Lawrence. 2002. The culture of Islam: Changing aspects of contemporary Muslim life. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Rosenthal, E.I.J. 1958. The theory of the power-state: Ibn Khaldun’s study of civilization. In Political thought in medieval Islam. An introductory outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenthal, Franz. 1987. Ibn Khaldun. In The encyclopedia of religion, ed. M. Eliade, 565–567. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Toynbee, Arnold J. 1948. A study of history. Vol. III. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Borowski, A. (2018). Ibn Khaldūn. In: Sgarbi, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02848-4_796-1
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