Skip to main content

Evaluation of Air Quality Maps Using Cross-Validation: Metrics, Diagnostics and Optimization

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVI (ITM 2018)

Abstract

Since 2002, Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) has been producing hourly surface analyses of pollutants covering North America which have been used in numerous health impact studies. The analyses are produced using an optimum interpolation scheme that combines the operational air quality forecast model GEM-MACH outputs (CHRONOS model outputs were used prior to 2009) with real-time hourly observations of O3, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2. We examine how passive observations, that are not used to create the analysis (i.e. cross-validation), can be used to evaluate the analysis error and to optimize the input error statistics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. D.L. Crouse, P.A. Peters, P. Hystad, J.R. Brook, A. van Donkelaar, R.V. Martin, P.J. Villeneuve, M. Jerrett, M.S. Goldberg, C.A. Pope III, M. Brauer, R.D. Brook, A. Robichaud, R. Ménard, R.T. Burnett, Associations between ambient PM2.5, O3, and NO2 and mortality in the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC) over a 16-year follow-up. Environ. Health Perspect. (Open Access) 123, 1180–1186 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D.L. Crouse, L. Pinault, A. Balram, P. Hystad, P.A. Peters, A. van Donkelaar, R.V. Martin, R. Ménard, A. Robichaud, P.J. Villeneuve, Urban greenness and mortality in Canada’s largest cities: a national cohort study. The Lancet, Planet Earth 1, e289–e297 (2017), www.thelancet.com/planetary-health

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. D.L. Crouse, A. Balram, P. Hystad, L. Pinault, M. van den Boshm, H. Chen, D. Rainham, E.M. Thomson, C.H. Close, A. van Donkelaar, R.V. Martin, R. Ménard, A. Robichaud, P.J. Villeneuve, Associations between living near water and risk of mortality among urban Canadians. Environ. Health Perspect. 126(7) (2018). https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Ménard, A. Robichaud, The chemistry-forecast system at the Meteorological Service of Canada. In: The ECMWF Seminar Proceedings on Global Earth-System Monitoring, Reading, UK, 5–9 September 2005; pp. 297–308 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. R. Ménard, Error covariance estimation methods based on analysis residuals: theoretical foundation and convergence properties derived from simplified observation networks. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 142, 257–273 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2650

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. R. Ménard, M. Deshaies-Jacques, N. Gassett, A comparison of correlation-length estimation methods for the objective analysis of surface pollutants at Environment and Climate Change Canada. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 66, 874–895 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2016.1177620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. R. Ménard, M. Deshaies-Jacques, Error covariance estimation methods based on analysis residuals and its application to air quality surface observation networks. In: C. Mensink, G. Kallos (Eds.) Air Pollution and Its Application XXV. Springer International AG, 249-253 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_40

    Google Scholar 

  8. R. Ménard, M. Deshaies-Jacques, Evaluation of analysis by cross-validation. Part I: Using verification metrics. Atmosphere 9, 86 (2018a). https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9030086, www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. R. Ménard, M. Deshaies-Jacques, Evaluation of analysis by cross-validation. Part II: Diagnostic and optimization of analysis error covariance. Atmosphere 9, 70 (2018b). https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020070, www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere

  10. A. Robichaud, R. Ménard, Multi-year objective analysis of warm season ground-level ozone and PM2.5 over North-America using real-time observations and Canadian operational air quality models. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 14, 1769–1800 (2014). https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1769-2014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Robichaud, R. Ménard, Y. Zaïtseva, D. Anselmo, Multi-pollutant surface objective analyses and mapping of air quality health index over North America. Air Qual. Atmos. Health 9, 743–759 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-015-0385-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. D. Stieb, R. Ménard, M. Smith-Doiron, J. Yao, S. Henderson, L. Pinault, A. Robichaud, A. van Donkelaar, R.V. Martin, J. Brook, Spatial variability in ambient ozone and fine particles concentrations and population susceptibility among Canadian health regions. Can. J. Public Health (in print) (2019)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard Ménard .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Crown

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Ménard, R., Deshaies-Jacques, M. (2020). Evaluation of Air Quality Maps Using Cross-Validation: Metrics, Diagnostics and Optimization. In: Mensink, C., Gong, W., Hakami, A. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVI. ITM 2018. Springer Proceedings in Complexity. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22055-6_37

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics