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Biosynthesis and Biotechnological Production of Anticancer Drug Camptothecin in Genus Ophiorrhiza

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Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Camptothecin (CPT), a monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA), is the starting material for the synthesis of topotecan and irinotecan which are well known and clinically plant approved antitumor drugs. Here, we investigated the latest progress in the biosynthesis of MIA in Ophiorrhiza and identification of enzymes/genes implicated in CPT biosynthetic pathway. Secologanin and tryptamine are involved in the biosynthesis of MIA and quinoline. Due to lack of knowledge of its enzymes/genes involved, the biosynthesis of CPT has not been well established. Biotechnology plays an important role in the manufacture of pharmaceutical metabolites to maintain industrial production and diminish over-exploitation of natural sources. Instead, new technologies that can be used to solve problems and to achieve overproduction of therapeutic secondary metabolites must be discovered economically viable approaches to the production of CPT. To this viewpoint, plant cell, tissue and organ cultures, cell suspension cultures, precursor feeding, hairy root cultures, bioreactors culture of suspensions/hairy root cultures, and metabolic engineering are reviewed as a cost-effective and alternative for CPT production. The present chapter summarizes the latest procedures/approaches for the enhancement of CPT in Ophiorrhiza using plant cell and tissue culture.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D :

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

BA :

6-Benzyladenine

CPT:

Camptothecin

DW:

Dry weight

HRCs:

Hairy root cultures

IPP:

Isopentenyl diphosphate

Kin :

Kinetin

MEP:

Methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway

MIA:

Monoterpene indole alkaloid

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

MVA:

Mevalonate pathway

NAA:

Naphthalene-1-acetic acid

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Director, CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow, India, for providing necessary facilities for carrying out the research work. The first author also gratefully thanks to National Post-Doctoral Fellowship (Sanction Order No: PDF/2017/000368), Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for the financial support to carry out this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India

    Ganesan Mahendran & Laiq ur Rahman

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  1. Ganesan Mahendran
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  2. Laiq ur Rahman
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Correspondence to Laiq ur Rahman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, M.L.Sukhadia university, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Maria Ekiert

  3. Amarillo, TX, USA

    Shaily Goyal

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Mahendran, G., Rahman, L.u. (2020). Biosynthesis and Biotechnological Production of Anticancer Drug Camptothecin in Genus Ophiorrhiza. In: Ramawat, K., Ekiert, H., Goyal, S. (eds) Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11253-0_32-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11253-0_32-1

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