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Biosynthesis of Biological Active Abietane Diterpenoids in Transformed Root Cultures of Salvia Species

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Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Transformed root cultures of Salvia species are rich in abietane-type diterpenoids. These compounds have various biological activities, such as antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory as well as an ability to induce apoptotic process anti- and inhibit acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase. Some of them also possess cardioactive properties. Due to many pharmacological activities of abietane diterpenoids, scientists are actively searching for new valuable sources of biomass and its secondary metabolite. Bioactive secondary metabolites can be obtained from field plants. However, in vitro plant cultures, including transformed root cultures, may be an interesting source of these phytocompounds. Genetically modified roots (hairy roots) of Salvia species are obtained by transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains. Transformed roots have many advantages, such as the possibility of growth without exogenous phytohormones, rapid unlimited growth, genetic stability even after several years of cultivation, and often the possibility of biosynthesis of valuable secondary metabolites in higher amounts than in intact plants. Some of them are able to biosynthesize new compounds, including diterpenes, which have not been detected in the mother plant. Salvia sp. hairy roots can often be grown on a larger scale in bioreactors. After optimizing the culture conditions and/or using elicitors, they are able to biosynthesize abietane diterpenoids in quantities significantly exceeding not only mother plants but also those grown in flasks. The above properties of this kind of plant cultures make them an interesting experimental model in studies aimed at increasing the productivity of biologically active diterpenes.

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  1. Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland

    Łukasz Kuźma

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  1. Łukasz Kuźma
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  1. Department of Botany, M.L.Sukhadia university, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Maria Ekiert

  3. Amarillo, TX, USA

    Shaily Goyal

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Kuźma, Ł. (2019). Biosynthesis of Biological Active Abietane Diterpenoids in Transformed Root Cultures of Salvia Species. In: Ramawat, K., Ekiert, H., Goyal, S. (eds) Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11253-0_25-1

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