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Nanocomposites for Environmental Pollution Remediation

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Book cover Sustainable Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites

Abstract

Organic and inorganic contaminants polluting global water resources are concerning environmentalists and scientists. Generally, being non-biodegradable synthetic chemicals and/or highly soluble in water, they get easily mobilized in the environment. Their interaction with abiotic environmental components through adsorption onto natural colloids and accumulation by biotic components (bio-magnification) has adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. Consequently, water treatment to remove these contaminants is necessary. In this context, adsorptive decontamination of water has significant advantages over other water treatment methods. Bio-adsorption or sorption techniques, based on the use of materials of biological origin such as a biopolymer, are eco-friendly and best solution for remediation of heavy metals. Nanocomposites are the hybrid organic-inorganic materials which are effective in adsorptive decontamination of water. The property enhancement observed in nanocomposites when compared to the traditional composites is due to the dispersion of some of the components at the nano level. This chapter describes recent advances on nanocomposites based on biopolymers and inorganic clay minerals aimed at water decontamination through remediation of metal ions and synthetic organic chemicals, especially dyes, from wastewater.

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Abbreviations

BENT:

Bentonite

CHT:

Chitosan

CNFs:

Carbon nanofibers

CR:

Congo red

CV:

Crystal violet

DB:

Disperse blue

DEA:

Diethanolamine

FG:

Fast green

GL:

Gelatine

HAL:

Halloysite

LBL:

Layer by layer

MB:

Methylene blue

MG:

Malachite green

MMT:

Montmorillonite

MO:

Methyl orange

MWCNT:

Multiwall carbon nanotubes

NPs:

Nanoparticles

OVU:

Organovermiculite

PA6:

Polyamides 6

PAL:

Palygorskite

PFNC:

Polymer-functionalized nanocomposites

PLSN:

Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites

POPs:

Persistent organic pollutants

RB:

Rose Bengal

RhB:

Rhodamine B

RR:

Remazol red

SEP:

Sepiolite

TEA:

Triethanolamine

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Government Science College, A Centre for Excellence in Science Education, Pachpedi, Jabalpur, 482001, India

    Anjali Bajpai, Maya Sharma & Laxmi Gond

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  1. Anjali Bajpai
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  2. Maya Sharma
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  3. Laxmi Gond
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Correspondence to Anjali Bajpai .

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  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Inamuddin

  2. School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Sabu Thomas

  3. Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Raghvendra Kumar Mishra

  4. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Asiri

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Bajpai, A., Sharma, M., Gond, L. (2019). Nanocomposites for Environmental Pollution Remediation. In: Inamuddin, Thomas, S., Kumar Mishra, R., Asiri, A. (eds) Sustainable Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05399-4_47

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