Summary
Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation blastocyst. These cells are primitive and undifferentiated and have the potential to become a wide variety of specialized cell types. Mouse ES cells can be regarded as a versatile biological tool that has led to major advances in our understanding of cell and developmental biology. To study specific gene function in early developmental events, gene knockout approaches have been traditionally used, however, this is a time-consuming and expensive approach. Recently, we have shown that small interfering RNA is an effective strategy to knockdown target gene expression, during ES cell differentiation, and consequently, one can alter cell fates in ES-derived differentiated cells. This method will be useful to test the function of a wide variety of gene products using the ES cell differentiation system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Summary
Keller, G., Lacaud, G., and Robertson, S. (1999) Development of the hematopoietic system in the mouse, Exp Hematol 27, 777–87.
Daley, G. Q. (2003) From embryos to embryoid bodies: generating blood from embryonic stem cells, Ann N Y Acad Sci 996, 122–31.
Hamaguchi-Tsuru, E., Nobumoto, A., Hirose, N., Kataoka, S., Fujikawa-Adachi, K., Furuya, M., and Tominaga, A. (2004) Development and functional analysis of eosinophils from murine embryonic stem cells, Br J Haematol 124, 819–27.
Lieber, J. G., Webb, S., Suratt, B. T., Young, S. K., Johnson, G. L., Keller, G. M., and Worthen, G. S. (2004) The in vitro production and characterization of neutrophils from embryonic stem cells, Blood 103, 852–9.
Fujimoto, T. T., Kohata, S., Suzuki, H., Miyazaki, H., and Fujimura, K. (2003) Production of functional platelets by differentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro, Blood 102, 4044–51.
Nakayama, N., Fang, I., and Elliott, G. (1998) Natural killer and B-lymphoid potential in CD34+ cells derived from embryonic stem cells differentiated in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor, Blood 91, 2283–95.
Potocnik, A. J., Kohler, H., and Eichmann, K. (1997) Hemato-lymphoid in vivo reconstitution potential of subpopulations derived from in vitro differentiated embryonic stem cells, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 10295–300.
Lu, S. J., Li, F., Vida, L., and Honig, G. R. (2002) Comparative gene expression in hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from embryonic stem cells, Exp Hematol 30, 58–66.
Nakayama, N., Lee, J., and Chiu, L. (2000) Vascular endothelial growth factor synergistically enhances bone morphogenetic protein-4-dependent lymphohematopoietic cell generation from embryonic stem cells in vitro, Blood 95, 2275–83.
Fire, A., Xu, S., Montgomery, M. K., Kostas, S. A., Driver, S. E., and Mello, C. C. (1998) Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature 391, 806–11.
Guo, S., and Kemphues, K. J. (1995) par-1, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encodes a putative Ser/Thr kinase that is asymmetrically distributed, Cell 81, 611–20.
Shi, Y. (2003) Mammalian RNAi for the masses, Trends Genet 19, 9–12.
Zou, G. M., Reznikoff-Etievant, M. F., Hirsch, F., and Milliez, J. (2000) IFN-gamma induces apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem cells, a putative mechanism of its embryotoxicity, Dev Growth Differ 42, 257–64.
Zou, G. M., Chen, J. J., Yoder, M. C., Wu, W., and Rowley, J. D. (2005) Knockdown of Pu.1 by small interfering RNA in CD34+ embryoid body cells derived from mouse ES cells turns cell fate determination to pro-B cells, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102, 13236–41.
Zou, G. M., Wu, W., Chen, J., and Rowley, J. D. (2003) Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in differentiated mouse ES cells, Biol Cell 95, 365–71.
Elbashir, S. M., Harborth, J., Lendeckel, W., Yalcin, A., Weber, K., and Tuschl, T. (2001) Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells, Nature 411, 494–8.
Zou, G. M., Chan, R. J., Shelley, W. C., and Yoder, M. C. (2006) Reduction of Shp-2 expression by siRNA reduces murine embryonic stem cell-derived in vitro hematopoietic differentiation, Stem Cells 24, 587–94.
Hannon, G. J., and Conklin, D. S. (2004) RNA interference by short hairpin RNAs expressed in vertebrate cells, Methods Mol Biol 257, 255–66.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dr. Janet D Rowley at the University of Chicago for her collaboration in this work. This research was supported by CA 84405 and the Spastic Paralysis Foundation of the Illinois-Eastern Iowa Division of Kiwanis International.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Humana Press
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Zou, GM., Thompson, M.A., Yoder, M.C. (2007). RNAi Knockdown of Transcription Factor Pu.1 in the Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. In: Vemuri, M.C. (eds) Stem Cell Assays. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 407. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-536-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-536-7_10
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-744-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-536-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols