Abstract
Detecting and quantifying low-level variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) by deep resequencing can lead to important insights into the biology of mtDNA in health and disease. Massively parallel (“next-generation”) sequencing is an attractive tool owing to the great depth and breadth of coverage. However, there are several important challenges to be considered when using this method, in particular: the avoidance of false discovery due to the unintended amplification of nuclear pseudogenes and the approach to delineating signal from noise at very great depths of coverage. Here we present methods for whole mtDNA genome deep sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) and short amplicon deep sequencing (Roche 454 GS-FLX).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Schon EA, Dimauro S, Hirano M (2012) Human mitochondrial DNA: roles of inherited and somatic mutations. Nat Rev Genet 13:878–890
Just RS, Leney MD, Barritt SM et al (2009) The use of mitochondrial DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms to assist in the resolution of three challenging forensic cases. J Forensic Sci 54:887–891
Mishmar D, Ruiz-Pesini E, Brandon M et al (2004) Mitochondrial DNA-like sequences in the nucleus (NUMTs): insights into our African origins and the mechanism of foreign DNA integration. Hum Mutat 23:125–133
Ameur A, Stewart JB, Freyer C et al (2011) Ultra-deep sequencing of mouse mitochondrial DNA: mutational patterns and their origins. PLoS Genet 7:e1002028
Brodin J, Mild M, Hedskog C et al (2013) PCR-induced transitions are the major source of error in cleaned ultra-deep pyrosequencing data. PLoS One 8:e70388
Payne BA, Wilson IJ, Hateley CA et al (2011) Mitochondrial aging is accelerated by anti-retroviral therapy through the clonal expansion of mtDNA mutations. Nat Genet 43:806–810
Payne BA, Wilson IJ, Yu-Wai-Man P et al (2013) Universal heteroplasmy of human mitochondrial DNA. Hum Mol Genet 22:384–390
Ye J, Coulouris G, Zaretskaya I et al (2012) Primer-BLAST: a tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction. BMC Bioinform 13:134
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC), UK (B. A. I. P.); the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, UK) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) awarded to Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (B. A. I. P., P. F. C.); the Wellcome Trust (P. F. C.); and the AstraZeneca (K. G.).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Payne, B.A.I., Gardner, K., Coxhead, J., Chinnery, P.F. (2015). Deep Resequencing of Mitochondrial DNA. In: Weissig, V., Edeas, M. (eds) Mitochondrial Medicine. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1264. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2257-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2257-4_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2256-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2257-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols