Abstract
The debate about the relative importance of mother and fetus in the initiation of parturition can be traced back to as early as 460 BC. At this time, Hippocrates proposed that the fetus initiated its own delivery by placing both feet on the fundus of the uterus and pushing. Many years later, the great Italian anatomist, Fabricius ab Aquapendente, argued that the mother played the primary role in initiating delivery of the baby and this was achieved by the contraction of the uterine muscle.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abel, M. H., Smith, S. K., and Baird, D. T., 1980, Suppression of concentration of endometrial prostaglandin in early intra-uterine and ectopic pregnancy in women, J. Endocrinol., 85:379.
Anderson, A. B. M., Flint, A. P. F., and Turnbull, A. C., 1975, Mechanism of action of glucocorticoids in induction of ovine parturition: effect on placental steroid metabolism, J. Endocrinol., 66:61.
Bard, H., Battaglia, H. C., Makowski, E. L., and Meschia, G., 1972, The synthesis of fetal and adult hemoglobin in sheep during the perinatal period, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 139:1148.
Bassett, J. M., and Thorburn, G. D., 1969, Foetal plasma corticosteroids and the initiation of parturition in sheep, J. Endocrinol., 44:285.
Bassett, J. M., and Thorburn, G. D., 1971, The regulation of insulin secretion by the ovine fetus in utero, J. Endocrinol., 50:59.
Bassett, J. M., Thorburn, G. D., and Nicol, D. H., 1973, Regulation of insulin secretion in the ovine foetus in utero. Effects of sodium valerate on secretion and of adrenocorticotrophin-induced premature parturition on the insulin secretory response to glucose, J. Endocrinol., 56:13.
Billah, M. M., and Johnston, J. M., 1983, Identification of phospholipid platelet-activating factor in human amniotic fluid and urine, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 113:51.
Billah, M. M., Di Renzo, G. C., Ban, C., Truong, C. T., Hoffman, D. R., Anceschi, M. M., Bleasdale, J. E., and Johnston, J. M., 1985, Platelet-activating factor metabolism in human aimion and the response of this tissue to extracellular platelet-activating factor, Prostaglandins, 30:841.
Binns, W., Lynn, J. F., Shupe, J. L. et al., 1963, A congenital cyclopian-type malformation in lambs induced by maternal ingestion of a range plant, Veratrum californicum, Am. J. Vet. Res., 4:1164.
Bleasdale, J. E., Okazaki, T., Sagawa, N., Di Renzo, G. C., Okita, J. R., MacDonald, P. C., and Johnston, J. M., 1983, The mobilization of arachi-donic acid for prostaglandin production during parturition, in: “Initiation of Parturition: Prevention of Prematurity,” Report of Fourth Ross Conference on Obstetric Research, p. 129, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio.
Boer, K., Lincoln, D. W., and Swaab, D.F., 1975, Effects of electrical stimulation of the neurohypophysis on labor in the rat, J. Endocrinol., 65:163.
Brennecke, S. P., Bryce, R. L., Turnbull, A. C., and Mitchell, M. D., 1982, The prostaglandin synthase inhibiting ability of maternal plasma and the onset of human labor, Eur. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Reprod. Biol., 14:81.
Carrick, F. N., Drinan, J. G., and Cox, R. I., 1975, Progesterone and estrogens in peripheral plasma of the platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus, J. Reprod. Fertil., 43:375.
Casey, M. L., MacDonald, P. C., and Mitchell, M. D., 1983, Stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production in amnion cells in culture by a substance(s) in human fetal and adult urine, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 114:1056.
Chopra, I. J., Sack, J., and Fisher, D. A., 1975, 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (reverse T3) and 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (T3) in fetal and adult sheep, Endocrinology, 97:1080.
Comline, R. S., and Silver, M., 1961, The release of adrenaline and noradre-naline from the adrenal glands of the foetal sheep, J. Physiol., 156:424.
Comline, R. S., Nathanielsz, P. W., Paisey, R. B., and Silver, M., 1970, Cortisol turnover in the sheep fetus immediately prior to parturition, J. Physiol. (London), 210:141P.
Currie, W. B., 1974, Fetal and maternal hormone interactions controlling parturition in sheep and goats, Ph.D. thesis, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Currie, W. B., and Thorburn, G. D., 1976, Release of prostaglandin F, regression of corpora lutea and induction of premature parturition in goats treated with estradiol-17α, Prostaglandins, 12:1093.
Currie, W. B., and Thorburn, G. D., 1977, The fetal role in timing the initiation of parturition in the goat, in: “The Fetus and Birth,” J. Knight and M. O’Connor, eds., p. 49, Ciba Foundation Symposium 47 (New Series), Excerpta Medica, Elsevier, New York.
Ellwood, D. A., Mitchell, M. D., Anderson, A. B. M., and Turnbull, A. C., 1980, The in vitro production of prostanoids by the human cervix during pregnancy: preliminary observations, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 87:210.
Evans, C. A., Kennedy, T. G., and Challis, J. R. G., 1982, Gestational changes in prostanoid concentrations in intra-uterine tissues and fetal fluids from pregnant sheep, and the relation to prostanoid output in vitro, Biol. Reprod., 27:1.
Fisher, D. A., and Odell, W. D., 1969, Acute release of thyrotropin in the newborn, J. Clin. Invest., 48:1670.
Fisher, D. A., Dussalt, J. H., Sack, J., and Chopra, I. J., 1977, Ontogenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function and metabolism in man, sheep and rat, Rec. Prog. Horm. Res., 33:59.
Fitzpatrick, R. J., and Liggins, G. C., 1980, Effects of prostaglandins on the cervix of pregnant women and sheep, in: “Dilatation of the Uterine Cervix,” F. Naftolin and P. G. Stubblefield, eds., p. 287, Raven Press, New York.
Fitzpatrick, R. J., and Dobson, H. 1981, Softening of the ovine cervix at parturition, in: “The Cervix in Pregnancy and Labour,” D. A. Ellwood and A. B. M. Anderson, eds., p. 40, Churchill Livingston, London.
Flint, A. P. F., Forsling, M. L., Mitchell, M. D., and Turnbull, A. C., 1975, Temporal relationship between changes in oxytocin and prostaglandin F levels in response to vaginal distention in the pregnant and puerperal ewe, J. Reprod. Fertil., 43:551.
Fuchs, A-R., and Fuchs, F., 1984, Endocrinology of term and preterm labor, in: “Preterm Birth,” F. Fuchs and P. G. Stubblefield, eds., p. 39, McMillan Publishing Co., New York.
Garfield, R. E., Rabideau, S., Challis, J. R. G., and Daniel, E. E., 1979, Hormonal control of gap junction formation in sheep myometrium during parturition, Biol. Reprod. 21:999.
Garfield, R. E., Puri, C. P., and Csapo, A. I., 1982, Endocrine, structural and functional changes in the uterus during premature labor, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 142:21.
Gemmell, R. T., Jenkin, G., and Thorburn, G. D., 1980, Plasma concentrations of progesterone and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F2α at parturition in the bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, J. Reprod. Fertil., 60:253.
Gemmell, R. T., Singh-Asa, P., Jenkin, G., and Thorburn, G. D., 1982, Ultrastructural evidence for steroid-hormone production in the adrenal of the marsupial, Isoodon macrourus, at birth, The Anatomical Record, 203:505.
Gemmell, R. T., and Little, G. J., 1982, The structure of the lung of the newborn marsupial bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, Cell and Tissue Research, 223:445.
Godkin, J. D., Bazer, F. W., and Roberts, R. M., 1984, Ovine trophoblast protein 1, an early secreted blastocyst protein, binds specifically to uterine endometrium and affects protein synthesis, Endocrinology, 114:120.
Griffiths, M., 1984, Mammals: monotremes, in: “Marshall’s Physiology of Reproduction, Vol. 1, Reproductive cycles of vertebrates,” G. E. Lamming, ed., 4th Edition, p. 351, Churchill Livingston, New York.
Hertelendy, F., 1983, Regulation of oviposition, in: “Initiation of Parturition: Prevention of Prematurity,” Report of Fourth Ross Conference on Obstetric Research, p. 79, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio.
Hill, J. P., and Gatenly, J. B., 1926, The corpus luteum of the monotremata, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 47:715.
Hooper, S. B., Watkins, W. B., and Thorburn, G. D., 1986, Oxytocin, oxytocin associated neurophysin and prostaglandin F2α concentrations in the utero-ovarian vein of pregnant and nonpregnant sheep, Endocrinology, in press.
Jenkin, G., and Thorburn, G. D., 1985, Inhibition of progesterone secretion by a 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor in late pregnant sheep, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 63:136.
Keirse, M. J. N. C., 1984, Prostaglandins during human parturition, in: “Initiation of Parturition: Prevention of Prematurity,” Report of the Fourth Ross Conference on Obstetric Research, p. 137, Ross Laboratories, Columbu s, Ohio.
Klein, A. H., Oddie, T. H., and Fisher, D. A., 1978, Effect of parturition on serum iodothyronine concentrations in fetal sheep, Endocrinology, 103:1453.
Largercrantz, H., and Slotkin, T. A., 1986, The’ stress’ of being born, Scientific American, April, p. 92.
Leach Harper, C. M., and Thorburn, G. D., 1984, Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by ovine allantoic fluid: acute reduction in inhibitory activity during late gestation, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 62:1152.
Leatherland, J. F., and Renfree, M. B., 1982, Ultrastrueture of the nongranulated cells and morphology of the extracellular spaces in the pars distalis of adult and pouch-young tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii), Cell and Tissue Research, 227:439.
Leatherland, J. F., and Renfree, M. B., 1983, Structure of the pars distalis in pouch-young tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii), Cell and Tissue Research, 230:587.
Lewis, P. R., Fletcher, T. P., and Renfree, M. B., 1986, Prostaglandin in the peripheral plasma of tammar wallabies during parturition, J. Endocrinol., in press.
Liggins, G. C., Kennedy, P. C., and Holm, L. W., 1967, Failure of initiation of parturition after electrocoagulation of the pituitary of the fetal lamb, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 98:1080.
Liggins, G. C., 1969, Premature delivery of fetal lambs infused with glucocorticoids, J. Endocrinol., 45:515.
Liggins, G. C., Kitterman, J. A., and Forster, C. S., 1979, Fetal maturation related to parturition, Anim. Reprod. Sci., 2:193.
Liggins, G. C., 1985, The paracrine system controlling human parturition, in: “The Endocrine Physiology of Pregnancy and the Periparal Period,” Serono Symposium, Vol. 21, p. 205, Raven Press, New York.
Lincoln, D. W., and Porter, D. G., 1979, Photoperiodic dissection of endocrine events at parturition, Anim. Reprod. Sci., 2:97.
McCracken, J. A., 1980, Hormone receptor control of prostaglandin F2α secretion by the ovine uterus, Advances in Prostaglandins and Thromboxane Research, 8:1329.
McDonald, P. C., Porter, J. C., Schwarz, B. E., and Johnston, J. M., 1978, Initiation of parturition in the human female, Seminars in Perinatology, 2:273.
Malpas, P., 1933, Postmaturity and malformation of the foetus, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Emp., 40:1046.
Magyar, D. M., Eisner, C. W., Eliot, J., Glatz, T., Nathanielsz, P. W., and Buster, J. E., 1981, A combined radioimmunoassay for the measurement of unconjugated and sulfocongjugated pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and estrone applied to fetal and maternal ovine plasma, Steroids, 37:423.
Mitchell, M. D., and Flint, A. P. F., 1978, Prostaglandin production by intra-uterine tissues from periparturient sheep: use of a superfusion technique, J. Endocrinol., 76:111.
Mitchell, M. D., Bibby, J. C., Hicks, B. R., and Turnbull, A. C., 1978, Specific production of prostaglandin E2 by human amnion in vitro, Prostaglandins, 15:377.
Mitchell, J. A., and Yochim, J. M., 1970, Influence of environmental lighting on duration of pregnancy in the rat, Endocrinology, 87:472.
Nathanielsz, P. W., Eisner, C., Magyar, D., Fridshal, D., Freeman, A., and Buster, J.E., 1982, Time trend analysis of plasma unconjugated and sulfoconjugated estrone and 3β-A△-steroids in fetal and maternal sheep plasma in relation to spontaneous parturition at term, Endocrinology, 110:1402.
Okazaki, T., Casey, M. L., Okita, J. R., MacDonald, P. C., and Johnson, J. M., 1981, Biosynthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins in human fetal membranes and uterine decidua, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 139:373.
Olson, D. M., Skinner, K., and Challis, J. R. G., 1983a, Estradiol-17β-and 2-hydroxyestradiol-17β-induced differential production of prostaglandins by cells dispersed from human intra-uterine tissues at parturition, Prostaglandins, 25:629.
Olson, D. M., Skinner, K., and Challis, J. R. G., 1983b, Prostaglandin production in relation to parturition by cells dispersed from human intra-uterine tissues, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 57:694.
Olson, D. M., Lye, S. J., Skinner, K., and Challis, J. R. G., 1985, Prostanoid concentrations in maternal/fetal plasma and amniotic fluid and intra-uterine tissue prostanoid output in relation to myometrial contractility during the onset of adrenocorticotropin-induced preterm labor in sheep, Endocrinology, 116:389.
Philpott, S. D., Doughton, B., Salamonsen, L. A., and Findlay, J. K., 1985, Oxytocin binding in sheep endometrium during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy, Proc. Aust. Soc. Reprod. Biol. (Abst), 17:93.
Platzker, A. C. G., Kitterman, J. A., Mescher, E. J., Clements, J. A., and Tooley, W. H., 1975, Surfactant in the lung and tracheal fluid of the fetal lamb and acceleration of its appearance by dexamethasone, Pediatrics, 56:554.
Poole, W. E., and Catling, P. C., 1974, Reproduction in the two species of grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus Shaw and M. fuliginosus (Desmarest) I. Sexual maturity and oestrus, Aust. J. Zool., 22:277.
Poole, W. E., 1975, Reproduction in the two species of grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus Shaw, and M. fuliginosus (Desmarest). II. Gestation, parturition and pouch life, Aust. J. Zool., 23:333.
Renfree, M. B., and Young, I. R., 1979, Steroids in pregnancy and parturition in the marsupial, Macropus eugenii, J. Steroid Biochem., 11:515.
Reppert, S. M., 1984, Development of the circadian timing system, in: “Research in Perinatal Medicine. II. Fetal Neuroendocrinology,” F. Ellendorff, P. D. Gluckman, and N. Parvizi, eds., p. 179, Perinatology Press, Ithaca, New York.
Risbridger, G. P., Leach Harper, C. M., Wong, M. H., and Thorburn, G. D., 1985, Gestation changes in prostaglandin production by ovine fetal trophoblastic cells, Placenta, 6:117.
Robinson, J. S., Chapman, R. L. K., Challis, J. R. G., Mitchell, M. D., and Thorburn, G. D., 1978, Administration of extra-amniotic arachidonic acid the suppression of uterine prostaglandin synthesis during pregnancy in the rhesus monkey, J. Reprod. Fertil., 54:369.
Shaw, G., 1983a, Effect of PGF2α on uterine activity, and concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α in peripheral plasma during parturition in the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), J. Reprod. Fertil., 69:429.
Shaw,G., 1983b, Pregnancy after diapause in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii, Ph.D. Thesis, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia.
Shemesh, M., Hansel, W., and Strauss, J. F., 1984, Modulation of bovine placental prostaglandin synthesis by an endogenous inhibitor, Endocrinology, 115:1401.
Soloff, M. S., 1983, The role of oxytocin receptors in parturition, in: “Initiation of Parturition: Prevention of Prematurity,” Report of the Fourth Ross Conference on Obstetric Research, p. 160, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio.
Spiegelberg, 1882, “Textbook of Midwifery.”
Thomas, A. L., Krane, E. J., and Nathanielsz, P. W., 1978, Changes in the fetal thyroid axis after induction of premature parturition by low dose continuous intravascular cortisol infusion to the fetal sheep at 130 days of gestation, Endocrinology, 103:17.
Thorburn, G. D., Cox, R. I., Currie, W. B., Restall, B. J., and Schneider, W., 1972, Prostaglandin F concentration in the utero-ovarian venous plasma of the ewe during the oestrous cycle, J. Endocrinol., 53:325.
Thorburn, G. D., Cox, R. I., Currie, W. B., Restall, B. J., and Schneider, W., 1973, Prostaglandin F and progesterone concentrations in the utero-ovarian venous plasma of the ewe during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy, J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl., 18:151.
Thorburn, G. D., and Hopkins, P. S., 1973, Thyroid function in the foetal lamb, in: “Foetal and Neonatal Physiology,” R. S. Comline, K. W. Cross, G. S. Dawes, and P. W. Nathanielsz, eds., p. 488, Proc. Sir Joseph Barcroft Centenary Symposium, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Thorburn, G. D., and Challis, J. R. G., 1979, Endocrine control of parturition, Physiol. Reviews, 59:863.
Thorburn, G. D., Waters, M. J., Dolling, M., and Young, I. R., 1981, Fetal maturation and epidermal growth factor, Proc. Aust. Physiol. Pharmacol. Soc., 12:11.
Thorburn, G. D., 1985, Prostaglandins and the regulation of myometrial activity: a working model, in: “The Physiological Development of the Fetus and Newborn,” C. T. Jones and P. W. Nathanielsz, eds., p. 381, Academic Press, London.
Tyndale-Biscoe, C. H., Hinds, L. A., Horn, C. A., and Jenkin, G., 1983, Hormonal changes at oestrus, parturition and postpartum oestrus in the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), J. Endocrinol., 96:155.
Tyndale-Biscoe, C. H., and Renfree, M. B., 1986, “Reproductive Physiology of Marsupials,” 500 pp., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Walker, M. T., and Gemmell, R. T., 1983, Plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol-17 and 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2α in the pregnant wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus), J. Endocrinol., 97:369.
Walker, M. T., and Gemmell, R. T., 1983, Organogenesis of the pituitary, adrenal and lung at birth in the wallaby, Macropus rufogriseus, Am. J. Anat., 168:331.
Young, I. R., 1978, The physiology of parturition in the macropodid marsupial Macropus eugenii (Desmarest), Ph.D. Thesis, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thorburn, G.D. (1987). The Orchestration of Parturition: Does the Fetus Play the Tune?. In: Leung, P.C.K., Armstrong, D.T., Ruf, K.B., Moger, W.H., Friesen, H.G. (eds) Endocrinology and Physiology of Reproduction. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1971-7_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1971-7_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1973-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1971-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive