Abstract
Parkinson’s disease occurs in approximately one percent of individuals over the age of 55. It is characterized by the presence of tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Pathologically, the hallmark of Parkinson’s disease is the progressive degeneration of the dopamine (DA)-containing neurons of the nigrostriatal projection. Neurological deficits associated with the loss of DA neurons do not appear until the degeneration is extensive, presumably due to compensatory properties of the remaining DA neurons and their targets (Bernheimer et al., 1973; Zigmond et al., 1984). The mechanism responsible for the degenerative process is not known, although factors such as genetic predisposition and environmental toxins have been proposed to play a role (Agid et al., 1993). There is also growing evidence that endogenous factors such as oxidative stress and DA itself may contribute to the neurodegenerative process (Cohen, 1983; Agid et al., 1993; Zigmond et al., 1992).
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Hastings, T.G., Lewis, D.A., Zigmond, M.J. (1996). Reactive Dopamine Metabolites and Neurotoxicity. In: Snyder, R., et al. Biological Reactive Intermediates V. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 387. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9480-9_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9480-9_13
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