Abstract
Anyone interested in biological regulation and development is familiar with conceptual advances stemming from work on “simple” eukaryotic microorganisms such as Saccharomyces (yeast), Neurospora, and Aspergillus. These fungi, as well as many others, have been and continue to be exceedingly valuable tools for furthering our understanding of the nature and organization of eukaryotic structural genes and in elucidating the elements and processes regulating their expression. There are several reasons for this. First, features of their life histories make them especially useful for genetic analysis. Most fungi can be grown in the haploid state, allowing direct observation of genotype. Many, however, anastomose readily to form heterokaryons, and some can be maintained as either haploids or diploids, simplifying analysis of genetic interactions. In addition, these organisms typically produce large numbers of reproductive cells in relatively short periods, have simple nutritional requirements, and lend themselves to a wide variety of selection strategies, all properties which facilitate genetic manipulations not generally possible with higher forms. Indeed, the sophistication of yeast genetics now rivals that of bacterial genetics.
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Timberlake, W.E., Orr, W.C. (1984). Steroid Hormone Regulation of Sexual Reproduction in Achlya. In: Goldberger, R.F., Yamamoto, K.R. (eds) Biological Regulation and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4619-8_7
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