Abstract
This chapter examines the simultaneous dependence of material property functions on time and on temperature. The time–temperature superposition principle and the concept of time–temperature shifting are introduced first. The dependence of the glass transition temperature both on the time of measurement and on surrounding pressure is examined in detail. The integral and differential constitutive equations are then generalized to include thermal strains and strains due to changes in humidity. Two ways used in practice to represent the material property function that accounts for thermal strains are considered: independent of time and time dependent.
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Notes
- 1.
Note that, for the purposes of converting between different temperature scales, C 1 is non-dimensional, but C 2 has the dimensions of temperature.
- 2.
The WLF equation was originally proposed as: \( { \log }a_{T} \left({T,T_{g}} \right) = - \frac{{C_{1} \cdot (T - T_{g})}}{{C_{2} + (T - T_{g})}} \); implying different C 1 and C 2 from those corresponding to the case when T r  = T g .
References
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Gutierrez-Lemini, D. (2014). Temperature Effects. In: Engineering Viscoelasticity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8139-3_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8139-3_6
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