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Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract pp 1–65Cite as

Benign Diseases of the Vulva

  • Living reference work entry
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Abstract

The external female genitalia include the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, and vestibule. The mons is the portion of hair-bearing skin and associated subcutaneous tissue overlying the pubic symphysis. Inferior to the pubis, the hair-bearing skin of the mons divides into two folds, the labia majora, which join posteriorly at the perineal body, just anterior to the anus. Medial to the labia majora are a second set of folds, the labia minora, each of which divides at the anterior end into two sets of smaller folds. The superior folds fuse in the midline anterior to the clitoris, forming the prepuce, or clitoral hood, and the inferior folds fuse in the midline posterior to the clitoris, forming the frenulum. Posteriorly, the labia minora fuse without further divisions, at the fourchette, posterior to the introitus and anterior to the perineal body. The clitoris consists of a bundle of erectile tissue situated in the midline, with just the tip, or glans, visible between the prepuce and frenulum. Beneath the surface is the body of the clitoris which branches at the base into two crurae running along the pubic rami in the deep soft tissue. The vestibule is a roughly diamond shaped area bounded anteriorly by the frenulum of the clitoris, laterally by the medial edges of the labia minora and posteriorly by the fourchette. Posterior to the frenulum on the vestibule is the urethral orifice, and posterior to that lies the vaginal opening, bounded by the hymen or remnants thereof. The external anatomy is illustrated in Fig. 1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Demaretta Rush

  2. Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Edward J. Wilkinson

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  1. Demaretta Rush
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Correspondence to Edward J. Wilkinson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins University Dept. Gynecology, Obstetrics & Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Robert J. Kurman

  2. Dept. Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Lora Hedrick Ellenson

  3. Johns Hopkins University Dept. Gynecology, Obstetrics & Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Brigitte M. Ronnett

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Rush, D., Wilkinson, E.J. (2018). Benign Diseases of the Vulva. In: Kurman, R., Hedrick Ellenson, L., Ronnett, B. (eds) Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3165-7_1-2

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