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Universal Biquads Using Current Mirrors

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Book cover Integrated Filters for Short Range Wireless and Biomedical Applications

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering ((BRIEFSELECTRIC))

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Abstract

This chapter presents a series of novel universal biquad topologies, where low-voltage current mirrors are employed as active elements. Due to current-mode nature of the performed signal processing, operations such as addition, subtraction, scaling and integration are very easily realized. Thus, the derived topologies consist of a small number of active elements contributing in lower power consumption, while they present the feature of low-voltage operation. The proposed universal biquads, which can be classified as either Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO), provide the five standard filter functions (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop and allpass) from the same configuration. Other advantages of the derived topologies are the absence of passive resistors, the resonant frequency of the filters can be electronically controlled by an appropriate dc current and only grounded capacitors are needed for the integrators. In addition, some of the proposed filters offer the feature of orthogonal adjustment between the resonant frequency and the quality factor. The behavior evaluation of the proposed universal biquads has been performed through a test chip prototype fabricated in AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The minimum supply voltage of CCCII is equal to V DD,min  = 2V th  + 2V DS,sat .

  2. 2.

    See (2.11), (2.12).

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  1. University of Patras, Rio Patras, Greece

    Costas Laoudias & Costas Psychalinos

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  1. Costas Laoudias
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  2. Costas Psychalinos
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Correspondence to Costas Laoudias .

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Laoudias, C., Psychalinos, C. (2012). Universal Biquads Using Current Mirrors. In: Integrated Filters for Short Range Wireless and Biomedical Applications. SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering(). Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0260-2_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0260-2_2

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